Table 1 Characteristics of the patients at first admission
Variable | Israel (n = 10,847) | USA (n = 35,875) | Australia (n = 16,144) | All (N = 62,866) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | |||||
Mean ± SD Median (IQR) | 85.36 ± 4.42 84 (82–88) | 86.19 ± 4.67 85 (82–89) | 85.75 ± 4.6 85 (82–89) | 85.93 ± 4.62 85 (82–89) | < 0.001 |
Female (n, %) | 6410 (59.1%) | 20,801 (57.98%) | 9745 (60.36%) | 36,956 (58.8%) | < 0.001 |
Hospital length of stay (days) | |||||
Mean ± SD Median (IQR) | 6.77 ± 8.35 4 (2–8) | 6.09 ± 7.93 3 (5–7) | 8.25 ± 9.16 5 (3–10) | 6.76 ± 8.38 5 (3–8) | < 0.001 |
ICU admission rate | 247 (2.28%) | 8079 (22.52%) | 417 (2.6%) | 8743 (13.9%) | < 0.001 |
ICU length of stay (days) | |||||
Mean ± SD Median (IQR) | 3.79 ± 5.94 2 (1–4) | 3.48 ± 5.04 2.05 (1.15–3.87) | 3.92 ± 10.51 2 (1–4) | 3.49 ± 5.07 2.04 (1.14–3.88) | 0.34 |
LAPS score | |||||
Mean ± SD Median (IQR) | 28.98 ± 22.74 24 (11–42) | 27.53 ± 19.81 24 (13–37) | 22.51 ± 16.08 20 (11–31) | 26.49 ± 19.63 23 (12–36) | < 0.001 |
In-hospital death (n, %) | |||||
Ward ICU Total | 725 (6.84%) 99 (40.08%) 824 (7.6%) | 261 (0.94%) 1120 (13.86%) 1381 (3.85%) | 689 (4.38%) 86 (20.62%) 775 (4.8%) | 1675 (3.09%) 1305 (14.93%) 2980 (4.74%) | < 0.001 |
Discharged home | 9931 (91.6%) | 15,408 (42.9%) | 8388 (52.0%) | 33,727 (53.65%) | < 0.001 |
Charlson comorbidity index | |||||
Mean ± SD Median (IQR) | 5.37 ± 1.48 5 (4–6) | 6.46 ± 2.24 6 (5–8) | 4.93 ± 1.62 4 (4–5) | 5.88 ± 2.09 5 (4–7) | < 0.001 |
Patients readmitted in any department (n, %) | 3085 (28.4%) | 13,338 (37.2%) | 4934 (30.6%) | 21,357 (34.0%) | < 0.001 |
Days to first readmission in any department (median, IQR) | 36 (12–85) | 31 (10–75) | 30 (4–85) | 31 (9–78.5) | < 0.001 |
Primary diagnosis (n, %) | |||||
Abdominal pain | 180 (1.66%) | 155 (0.43%) | 106 (0.66%) | 441 (0.7%) | < 0.001 |
Cholecystitis/cholangitis | 109 (1%) | 246 (0.69%) | 57 (0.35%) | 412 (0.7%) | < 0.001 |
Acute kidney injury | 107 (0.99%) | 830 (2.31%) | 167 (1.03%) | 1104 (1.8%) | < 0.001 |
Acute pancreatitis | 69 (0.64%) | 161 (0.45%) | 92 (0.57%) | 322 (0.5%) | 0.03 |
Acute respiratory failure | 110 (1.01%) | 218 (0.61%) | 41 (0.25%) | 369 (0.6%) | < 0.001 |
URTI | 69 (0.64%) | 53 (0.15%) | 26 (0.16%) | 148 (0.2%) | < 0.001 |
DVT PE | 79 (0.73%) | 329 (0.92%) | 81 (0.5%) | 489 (0.8%) | < 0.001 |
Anemia | 142 (1.31%) | 50 (0.14%) | 119 (0.74%) | 311 (0.5%) | < 0.001 |
Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 247 (2.28%) | 705 (1.97%) | 288 (1.78%) | 1240 (2.0%) | 0.02 |
Cellulitis | 105 (0.97%) | 429 (1.2%) | 190 (1.18%) | 724 (1.2%) | 0.14 |
Stroke and TIA | 438 (4.04%) | 909 (2.53%) | 669 (4.14%) | 2016 (3.2%) | < 0.001 |
Heart failure | 257 (2.37%) | 2222 (6.19%) | 588 (3.64%) | 3067 (4.9%) | < 0.001 |
Dizziness | 85 (0.78%) | 77 (0.21%) | 70 (0.43%) | 232 (0.4%) | < 0.001 |
Fever | 589 (5.43%) | 89 (0.25%) | 20 (0.12%) | 698 (1.1%) | < 0.001 |
Femoral fracture | 564 (5.2%) | 1030 (2.87%) | 1485 (9.2%) | 3079 (4.9%) | < 0.001 |
Hyponatremia | 110 (1.01%) | 171 (0.48%) | 62 (0.38%) | 343 (0.5%) | < 0.001 |
COPD | 144 (1.33%) | 277 (0.77%) | 375 (2.3%) | 796 (1.3%) | < 0.001 |
Dyspnea | 505 (4.66%) | 104 (0.29%) | 30 (0.19%) | 639 (1.0%) | < 0.001 |
Pneumonia | 610 (5.62%) | 1208 (3.37%) | 680 (4.21%) | 2498 (4.0%) | < 0.001 |
Syncope | 304 (2.8%) | 421 (1.17%) | 245 (1.52%) | 970 (1.5%) | < 0.001 |
Sepsis | 411 (3.79%) | 1433 (3.99%) | 169 (1.05%) | 2013 (3.2%) | < 0.001 |
Urinary tract infection | 505 (4.66%) | 1026 (2.86%) | 410 (2.54%) | 1941 (3.1%) | < 0.001 |