Skip to main content

Table 3 Main outcome measures

From: Clinical impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective cohort study

Outcome measures

All patients with ARDS

Patients with COVID-19-related ARDS

Patients with ARDS from other causes

 

VAP

(n = 176)

No VAP

(n = 160)

Difference

(95% CI)

VAP

(n = 69)

No VAP

(n = 32)

Difference

(95% CI)

VAP

(n = 107)

No VAP

(n = 128)

Difference

(95% CI)

MV duration, days

17 (12–29)

7 (5–10)

10 (8; 12)

22 (17–33)

8 (7–13)

14 (10; 17.5)

15 (9–24)

7 (5–10)

8 (6; 10)

Ventilator-free days at day 281

 All patients

 ICU survivors

0 (0–12)

11 (0–15)

19 (0–22)

21 (18–23)

− 19 (− 20; − 13.5)

− 10 (− 13; − 9)

2 (0–11) b

7 (0–11.5)

19 (11–21)

20 (16.5–21)

− 17 (− 20; − 9.5)

− 13 (− 17; − 9)

0 (0–14) b

12 (2–17)

19 (0–22)

21 (19–23)

− 19 (− 20; − 10)

− 9 (− 11; − 6)

Vasopressor-free days at day 28 a

18 (0–24)

23 (0–27)

− 5 (− 9; − 2)

18 (10–25)

25 (20.5–28)

− 7 (− 11; − 1)

16 (0–24)

23 (0–26)

− 7 (− 15; − 2)

ICU LOS, days a

23 (16–36)

10 (8–14)

13 (9; 15)

27 (19–41)

11 (10–16)

15 (11.5; 21.5)

19 (13–28)

10 (8–14)

9 (7; 13)

Hospital LOS, days a

32 (21–48)

21 (12–31)

11.5 (7.5; 17.5)

37 (25–50)

21 (16–28)

15.5 (11; 24)

29 (17–47)

20 (11–34)

8.5 (2; 15)

In-ICU mortality

59 (33.5)

43 (26.9)

6.6 (− 3.2; 16.2)

18 (26.1)

6 (18.7)

7.3 (− 11.5; 22.4)

41 (38.3)

37 (28.9)

9.4 (− 2.6; 21.3)

In-hospital mortality

63 (35.8)

45 (28.1)

7.7 (− 2.3; 17.4)

18 (26.1)

6 (18.7)

7.3 (− 11.5; 22.4)

45 (42.1)

39 (30.5)

11.6 (− 0.7; 23.5)

Mortality at day 90 c

63 (35.8)

48 (30.0)

5.8 (− 4.3; 15.6)

18 (26.1)

6 (18.7)

7.3 (− 11.5; 22.4)

45 (42.1)

42 (32.8)

9.2 (− 3.1; 21.3)

  1. Data are expressed as number (%) or median (interquartile range), with median difference for continuous variable and absolute risk difference for ICU and in-hospital mortality rates
  2. ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, VAP ventilator-associated pneumonia, CI confidence interval, COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, MV mechanical ventilation, ICU intensive care unit, LOS length of stay
  3. aP < 0.001 for the comparison between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients and/or according to whether patients developed VAP within the first 28 days or not
  4. bMedian difference (95% CI), 2 (− 8; 6) days
  5. cNine patients were lost to follow-up at day 90 (5 patients with VAP and 4 patients without VAP)