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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Patients characteristics at inclusion

From: Severe but reversible impaired diaphragm function in septic mechanically ventilated patients

 

Patients with sepsis

n = 51

Patients without sepsis

n = 41

p

Age, years

64 (53–73)

59 (52–70)

0.323

Male sex, n (%)

31 (61)

38 (62)

0.985

Body mass index, kg m−2

24 (21–28)

24 (22–26)

0.998

SAPS2

58 (46–70)

52 (36–64)

0.292

SOFA

10 (6–12)

9 (6–11)

0.351

Comorbidities, n (%)

   

 Active smoking

23 (45)

22 (54)

0.414

 COPD

10 (20)

11 (27)

0.412

 Diabetes mellitus

15 (29)

10 (24)

0.591

 Cirrhosis

11 (22)

6 (15)

0.394

Primary reason for ventilation

   

 Acute respiratory failure, n (%)

38 (75)

16 (39)

 < 0.001

 Pneumonia

37 (73)

0 (0)

 < 0.001

 Hypercapnic ACRF

0 (0)

6 (15)

0.006

 Acute lung edema

0 (0)

2 (5)

0.196

 Other

1 (2)

8 (20)

0.009

 Shock, n (%)

7 (14)

6 (15)

0.985

 Septic shock

7 (14)

0 (0)

0.016

 Cardiogenic shock

0 (0)

2 (5)

0.110

 Other

0 (0)

4 (10)

0.022

 Cardiac arrest, n (%)

1 (2)

6 (15)

0.023

 Coma, n (%)

5 (10)

13 (32)

0.008

 Stroke

1 (2)

5 (12)

0.048

 Hepatic encephalopathy

2 (4)

5 (12)

0.136

 Other

2 (4)

3 (7)

0.475

Clinical variables

   

 Temperature > 38° or < 36°

23 (45)

18 (44)

0.909

 Mean arterial pressure, mmHg

78 (70–94)

77 (71–86)

0.780

 Ptr,stim, cmH2O

6.3 (4.9–8.7)

9.8 (7–14.2)

0.004

 Diaphragm dysfunction, n (%)

43 (84)

21 (51)

 < 0.001

 End-expiratory diaphragm thickness, mm

2.3 (1.8–2.7)a

2.1 (1.8–2.5)b

0.629

Biological variables

   

 White blood cells count, 10−9/l

12.3 (7.5–17.7)

11.6 (10–15.4)

0.845

 PCT, ng/ml

7.5 (1.5–41)

1 (0.3–3.1)

 < 0.001

 Blood lactate, mmol l−1

2 (1.2–3)

2 (1.6–3)

0.258

 PaO2/FiO2

201 (144–300)

248 (213–313)

0.013

Sedation

   

 Hypnotics (propofol or midazolam), n (%)

40 (100)c

37 (100) d

1.000

 Sufentanyl, n (%)

35 (88) c

32 (86) d

1.000

Organ support

   

 Vasopressors, n (%)

40 (78)

26 (63)

0.112

  1. Categorical variables are expressed as absolute value (%) and continuous variables as median (interquartile range)
  2. SOFA: Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment; SAPS 2: New Simplified Acute Physiology Score; ACRF: acute-on-chronic respiratory failure; Ptr,stim: endotracheal tube pressure induced by bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation during airway occlusion; PCT: procalcitonin; PaO2/FiO2: partial arterial oxygen tension on inspired oxygen fraction ratio
  3. a Data available for 31/51 patients, b data available for 27/41 patients
  4. c Data available for 40/51 patients, d data available for 37/41 patients
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