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Table 1 Patient characteristics at ICU admission with or without phlebitis

From: Risk factors for peripheral intravascular catheter-related phlebitis in critically ill patients: analysis of 3429 catheters from 23 Japanese intensive care units

Variables

All patients

N = 1359

Phlebitis ( +)

N = 105

(7.7%)

Phlebitis (–)

N = 1254

(92.3%)

p value

Age, mean (SD), years

66.4 (15.8)

70.9 (13.2)

66.1 (16.0)

0.003

Gender, male (n, %)

816 (60.0%)

63 (60.0%)

753 (60.1%)

0.99

Body height, mean (SD), cma

161 (9.9)

161 (9.8)

161 (9.9)

0.99

Body weight, mean (SD), kgb

59.1 (14.2)

57.9 (14.0)

59.2 (14.2)

0.37

BMI, mean (SD)a

22.8 (4.3)

22.3 (4.3)

22.8 (4.3)

0.24

APACHE II, mean (SD)

14.8 (7.2)

16.9 (6.3)

14.7 (7.2)

0.003

SAPS II, mean (SD)

32.2 (18.5)

37.3 (14.6)

31.7 (18.7)

0.003

SOFA, mean (SD)

4.8 (3.4)

5.6 (3.3)

4.7 (3.4)

0.007

Charlson comorbidity index, mean (SD)

4.3 (2.6)

4.5 (2.5)

4.3 (2.6)

0.38

ICU admission from (n, %)

    

 Operation room

979 (72.0%)

58 (55.2%)

921 (73.5%)

 < 0.0001

 Emergency room

256 (18.8%)

29 (12.4%)

227 (18.1%)

0.02

 General ward

97 (7.1%)

13 (12.4%)

84 (6.7%)

0.03

 Outpatients

11 (0.8%)

2 (1.9%)

9 (0.7%)

0.19

 Transfer from other hospital

16 (1.2%)

3 (2.9%)

13 (1.0%)

0.10

Type of admission to ICU (n, %)

    

 Elective surgical

802 (59.0%)

37 (35.2%)

765 (61.0%)

 < 0.0001

 Emergency surgical

177 (13.0%)

21 (20.0%)

156 (12.4%)

0.03

 Medical

380 (28.0%)

47 (44.8%)

333 (26.6%)

 < 0.0001

ICU admission category (n, %)

    

 Cardiology

438 (32.2%)

35 (33.3%)

403 (32.1%)

0.80

 Pulmonary

171 (12.6%)

15 (14.3%)

156 (12.4%)

0.58

 Gastrointestinal

295 (21.7%)

13 (12.4%)

282 (22.5%)

0.02

 Neurology

127 (9.3%)

17 (16.2%)

110 (8.8%)

0.01

 Trauma

47 (3.5%)

4 (3.8%)

43 (3.4%)

0.84

 Urology

44 (3.2%)

3 (2.9%)

41 (3.3%)

0.82

 Gynecology

37 (2.7%)

1 (1.0%)

36 (2.9%)

0.25

 Skin/tissue

31 (2.3%)

1 (1.0%)

30 (2.4%)

0.34

 Others

133 (9.8%)

12 (11.4%)

121 (9.7%)

0.56

Sepsis at ICU admission (n, %)

    

 Sepsis

48 (3.5%)

7 (6.7%)

41 (3.3%)

0.07

 Septic shock

67 (4.9%)

8 (7.6%)

59 (4.8%)

0.19

Mechanical ventilation within 24 h after admission to ICU (n, %) c)

    

 Non-invasive ventilation

55 (4.1%)

6 (5.8%)

49 (4.0%)

0.37

 Invasive ventilation

343 (25.4%)

43 (41.8%)

300 (24.4%)

0.0001

  1. APACHE Acute Physiology AND Chronic Health Evaluation, BMI body mass index, ICU intensive care unit, SAPS simplified acute physiology score, PIVC peripheral intravenous catheter, SD standard deviation, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment
  2. Missing data: a) n = 2, b) missing data: n = 1, c) missing data: n = 27