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Table 1 Characteristics of patients, physician prediction and outcomes

From: Accuracy of clinicians’ ability to predict the need for renal replacement therapy: a prospective multicenter study

Characteristics

No RRT (n = 572)

RRT (n = 77)

Overall (n = 649)

P value

Age—years (median [IQR])

64 [52, 73]

64 [54, 72]

64 [53, 73]

0.83

Female gender (%)

177 (31)

20 (26)

198 (30.4)

0.443

BMI (median [IQR])

26.50 [23, 31]

27 [24, 32]

27 [23, 31]

0.063

CCI (median [IQR])

3 [2, 5]

4 [3, 6]

4 [2, 6]

0.001

Charlson score without age (median [IQR])

1 [0, 3]

2 [1, 4]

1 [0, 3]

 < 0.001

SOFA score-ICU admission (median [IQR])

4 [2, 7]

7 [5, 12]

4 [3, 8]

 < 0.001

Comorbidity (%)

CKD

56 (9.8)

18 (23.4)

74 (11.4)

0.001

Congestive heart failure

84 (14.7)

15 (19.7)

99 (15.3)

0.33

Myocardial infarction

68 (11.9)

9 (11.7)

77 (11.9)

1

Diabetes mellitus

137 (24)

27 (35.1)

164 (25.3)

0.049

Peripheral vascular disease

59 (11.2)

13 (17.6)

72 (12)

0.163

Chronic pulmonary disease

102 (17.9)

10 (13)

112 (17.3)

0.367

Connective tissue disease

15 (2.8)

3 (4.1)

18 (3.0)

0.836

Liver disease

58 (10.1)

16 (20.8)

74 (11.4)

0.01

Hematological disease

31 (5.4)

8 (10.4)

39 (6.0)

0.142

Metastatic solid tumor

23 (4.4)

3 (4.1)

26 (4.3)

1

AIDS

14 (2.7)

3 (4.1)

17 (2.8)

0.761

ICU: reasons for admission (%)

0.115

Medical causes

527 (92.3)

71 (92.2)

598 (92.3)

Elective surgery

27 (4.7)

1 (1.3)

28 (4.3)

Emergency surgery

17 (3)

5 (6.5)

22 (3.4)

COVID-19 patients (%)

212 (37.2)

30 (39)

242 (37.4)

0.861

Data’s at ICU admission (median [IQR])

Serum creatinine—µmol/l

79 [61, 116]

166 [85, 250]

82 [63, 134]

 < 0.001

Urinary output—ml/kg/h

0.8 [0.4, 1.3]

0.5 [0.3, 1.1]

0.7 [0.4, 1.3]

0.002

Fluid balance—ml/h

0.0 [−34, 58]

44 [0.0, 125]

0.0 [−298, 66]

 < 0.001

Fluid balance—ml/kg/h

0.1 [−0.6, 1.0]

0.8 [0.3, 1.8]

0.2 [−0.5, 1.1]

 < 0.001

Physician’s ICU experience

0.018

 < 2 years

116 (20.3)

26 (33.8)

142 (21.9)

[2–5] years

148 (25.9)

13 (16.9)

161 (24.8)

[5–10] years

168 (29.4)

16 (20.8)

184 (28.4)

 > 10 years

140 (24.5)

22 (28.6)

162 (25)

Physician’s ICU seniority

0.535

Fellows

264 (46.2)

39 (50.6)

303 (46.7)

Attendings

308 (53.8)

38 (49.4)

346 (53.3)

Prediction to need of RRT (median [IQR])

1 [0, 3]

7 [4, 10]

2 [0, 4]

 < 0.001

Outcomes at discharge

Death during ICU stay (%)

85 (14.9)

48 (62.3)

133 (20.5)

 < 0.001

Time from admission to death—days (median [IQR])

6 [2, 17.5]

13 [5, 22]

9 [3, 20]

0.024

ICU duration—days (median [IQR])

4 [2, 9]

13 [5, 21]

5 [2, 10]

 < 0.001

Serum creatinine at ICU discharge—µmol/l (median [IQR])

68 [52, 101]

186 [107, 295]

72 [53, 115]

 < 0.001

Urinary output at ICU discharge—ml (median [IQR])

1600 [1080, 2278]

138 [0, 925]

1457 [800, 2200]

 < 0.001

  1. BMI body mass index, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, CKD chronic kidney disease, AIDS acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome, ICU intensive care units, RRT renal replacement therapy