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Table 3 Outcomes

From: Association of early dexamethasone therapy with mortality in critically Ill COVID-19 patients: a French multicenter study

Variable

All patients N = 969

Early dexamethasone N = 611

No steroids N = 358

P value

Day-28 mortality (primary outcome), n (%)

143 (14.8)

92 (15.1)

51 (14.3)

0.58a

Secondary outcomes

 Adverse events in the ICU, n (%)

  Bloodstream infection

87 (9.0)

58 (9.5)

29 (8.1)

0.19b

  Ventilator-associated pneumonia

277 (48.5)

173 (52.9)

104 (42.6)

0.04b

  Invasive fungal infection

43 (4.4)

26 (4.3)

17 (4.8)

0.72c

  Gastrointestinal bleeding

32 (3.3)

24 (3.9)

8 (2.2)

0.16c

  Intubation in the ICU, n (%)

450/848 (53.1)

268/552 (48.6)

182/296 (61.49)

 < 0.001b

  Time from ICU admission to iMV, days, median [IQR]

1.00 [0.00–2.00]

1.00 [0.00–2.00]

0.00 [0.00–1.00]

 < 0.001d

  iMV-free days on day 28, median [IQR]

20.0 [1.0–28.0]

22.0 [2.0–28.0]

17.0 [1.0–28.0]

 < 0.003d

  Renal replacement therapy, n (%)

77 (8.0)

42 (6.9)

35 (9.8)

0.03b

  Alive and out of the ICU on day 28, n (%)

652 (67.3)

410 (67.1)

242 (67.3)

0.89e

  90-day mortality n (%)

188 (19.4)

126 (20.6)

62 (17.3)

0.16a

  1. ICU intensive care unit, iMV invasive mechanical ventilation, IQR interquartile range
  2. aFrailty model
  3. bFine and Gray model for competing risks
  4. cLogistic regression
  5. dStudent’s test
  6. echi-square test