Association between frailty, delirium, and mortality in older critically ill patients: a binational registry study

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 3 Association between frailty and in-hospital mortality and length of stay mediated by acute delirium

	In-hospital mortality	SE	Z	P-value
	b (95% CI)	SE	Z	P-value
Direct effect (c′)	0.0330 (0.031–0.038)	0.002	20.11	< 0.001
Indirect effect	0.00037 (0.00008–0.0007)	0.00015	2.50	< 0.012
Total effect	0.0344 (0.0313–0.0381)	0.001	20.36	< 0.001
% of total effect mediated	1.1%
% of total effect mediated^#	1.8%
	Hospital length of stay
Direct effect (c′)	0.202 (0.19–0.21)	006	34.76	< 0.001
Indirect effect	0.019 (0.017–0.021)	0.001	20.96	< 0.001
Total effect	0.22 (0.21–0.23)	0.006	37.48	< 0.001
% of total effect mediated	8.6%
% of total effect mediated^#	9.3%

Adjusted for Australian and New Zealand Risk of Death (ANZROD). ANZROD is derived from patient and clinical characteristics, including the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III, ICU admission source, admission diagnoses, Acute Physiology score (APS), APACHE III chronic health score, treatment limitation, and ventilation status
^#Analysis adjusted for age and sex only