| All cases | Substitutive nebulized colistin | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Case number | 557 | 343 | 214 | Â |
Mean age (SD) | 72.7 (16.0) | 74.1 (15.6) | 69.3 (16.3) | < 0.001 |
Male | 391 (70.2%) | 238 (69.4%) | 153 (71.5%) | 0.597 |
Mean BMI (SD) | 23.0 (4.6) | 23.0 (5.0) | 23.1 (4.1) | 0.670 |
Smoking history | 172 (30.9%) | 81 (23.6%) | 91 (42.5%) | < 0.001 |
Isolated pathogens |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 CRAB | 454 (81.5%) | 304 (88.6%) | 150 (70.1%) |  |
 CRE | 48 (8.6%) | 25 (7.3%) | 23 (10.7%) |  |
 CR-Pseudomonas | 55 (9.9%) | 14 (4.1%) | 41 (19.2%) |  |
Pneumonia types | Â | Â | Â | 0.736 |
 HAP | 395 (70.9%) | 245 (71.4%) | 150 (70.1%) |  |
 VAP | 162 (29.1%) | 98 (28.6%) | 64 (29.9%) |  |
ICU types |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Medical ICU | 308 (55.3%) | 213 (62.1%) | 95 (44.4%) |  |
 Surgical ICU | 249 (44.7%) | 130 (37.9%) | 119 (55.6%) |  |
Comorbidities | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Malignancies | 112 (20.1%) | 78 (22.7%) | 34 (15.9%) | 0.050 |
 Renal insufficiency | 126 (22.6%) | 103 (30.0%) | 23 (10.7%) | < 0.001 |
 Chronic lung diseasesb | 109 (19.6%) | 75 (21.9%) | 34 (15.9%) | 0.084 |
 Diabetes | 192 (34.5%) | 130 (37.9%) | 62 (29.0%) | 0.031 |
 Autoimmune disease | 22 (3.9%) | 19 (5.5%) | 3 (1.4%) | 0.015 |
Intravenous antibiotics | ||||
 Sulbactam | 196 (35.2%) | 136 (39.7%) | 60 (28.0%) | 0.005 |
 Carbapenem | 276 (49.6%) | 135 (39.4%) | 141 (65.9%) | < 0.001 |
 Tigecycline | 156 (28.0%) | 110 (32.1%) | 46 (21.5%) | 0.007 |
 Inappropriate empiric therapy | 429 (77.0%) | 260 (75.8%) | 169 (79.0%) | 0.387 |
 APACHE II scores (Median, IQR) | 20 (16–24) | 20 (16–23) | 22 (17–25) | < 0.001 |
 SOFA scores (Median, IQR) | 7 (5–9) | 7 (5–9) | 7 (4.8–9) | 0.802 |
Presenting featuresc | ||||
 Septic shock | 73 (13.1%) | 48 (14.0%) | 25 (11.7%) | 0.432 |
 Invasive ventilator | 475 (85.3%) | 281 (81.9%) | 194 (90.7%) | 0.005 |
 PF ratio < 200 | 119 (21.4%) | 74 (21.6%) | 45 (21%) | 0.878 |
 Dialysisd | 76 (13.6%) | 61 (17.8%) | 15 (7.0%) | < 0.001 |
Laboratory results (Median, IQR) | ||||
 Leukocytes (× 109 per L) | 10,900 (7685–15,100) | 10,700 (7700–14,700) | 11,265 (7637–16,057) | 0.203 |
 Albumin (g/dL) | 3.0 (2.6–3.3) | 3.1 (2.7–3.3) | 2.8 (2.4–3.2) | < 0.001 |
 CRP (mg/dL) | 7.8 (3.3–12.4) | 7.4 (3.2–11.4) | 8.6 (3.9–13.7) | 0.029 |
Nebulized colistin (Median, IQR) | ||||
 Dosage (MIU in CMS) | – | 6 (4–15) | – |  |
 Treatment duration (days) |  | 7 (6–11) | – |  |