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Table 1 Comparison of patients according to frailty regarding baseline demographics, clinical course, and outcome

From: Frailty is a stronger predictor of death in younger intensive care patients than in older patients: a prospective observational study

 

Non-frail patients (CFS (< 5)

Frail (CFS ≥ 5)

P

Patients aged 18–49 years, n = 241

195

46

 

 Sex, male

107 (55)

56 (57)

0.49

 SAPS3

56 [47–66]

56 [47–66]

0.24

 Comorbidities according to SAPS 3

26 (13)

15 (33)

0.003

 Complications during ICU care

31 (16)

12 (26)

0.08

 Withhold/withdraw decision in ICU

5 (3)

6 (13)

0.008

 ICU length of stay, hours

18 [6–37]

27 [13–93]

0.02

 Dead at 180 days

15 (8)

13 (28)

 < 0.001

Patients aged 50–64 years n = 188

121

67

 

 Sex, male

66 (55)

46 (69)

0.04

 SAPS3

49 [40–59]

58 [46–67]

0.000

 Comorbidities according to SAPS3

34 (28)

19 (28)

0.55

 Complications during ICU care

23 (19)

16 (24)

0.27

 Withhold/withdraw decision in ICU

5 (4)

18 (27)

 < 0.001

 ICU length of stay, hours

22 [12–57]

44 [20–170]

 < 0.001

 Dead at 180 days

5 (4)

27 (40)

 < 0.001

Patients aged 65–79 years n = 311

137

174

 

 Sex, male

86 (63)

101 (58)

0.233

 SAPS3

59 [47–71]

66 [53–79]

 < 0.001

 Comorbidities according to SAPS3

35 (26)

64 (37)

0.02

 Complications during ICU care

28 (20)

25 (14)

0.10

 Withhold/withdraw decision in ICU

11 (8)

62 (36)

 < 0.001

 ICU length of stay, hours

24 [14–55]

45 [20–98]

 < 0.001

 Dead at 180 days

22 (16)

84 (48)

 < 0.001

Patients aged 80 years or older n = 77

31

46

 

 Sex, male

22 (69)

22 (48)

0.04

 SAPS3

68 [64–80]

67 [56–78]

0.85

 Comorbidities according to SAPS3

8 (26)

8 (17)

0.27

 Complications during ICU care

7 (23)

19 (22)

0.57

 Withhold/withdraw decision in ICU

11 (36)

27 (59)

0.04

 ICU length of stay, hours

23 [13–71]

23 [12–62]

0.86

 Dead at 180 days

8 (26)

28 (61)

0.002

  1. Data are presented as medians (IQR), numbers (n) and percentages (%) of patients
  2. CFS Clinical Frailty Scale, ICU intensive care unit, IQR inter-quartile range, SAPS3 Simplified Acute Physiology Score, third version