Table 1 Patients’ characteristics, comorbidities, clinical, and biological presentation
Total (n = 156)* | Carbapenem therapy (n = 69) | Non-carbapenem therapy (n = 87) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics at admission to ICU | ||||
Age | 69 [60;75] | 68 [58;74] | 70 [61;71] | 0.17 |
Sex (male) | 96 (61) | 45 (65) | 51 (59) | 0.40 |
SAPSII | 58 [52;67] | 63 [55;71] | 54 [46;65] | < 0.001 |
SOFA score | 8 [7;10] | 8 [7;10] | 8 [6;10] | 0.56 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 47 (30) | 19 (27) | 28 (32) | 0.53 |
Chronic cardiac disease | 112 (72) | 42 (61) | 70 (80) | 0.01 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 37 (24) | 19 (27) | 18 (21) | 0.32 |
Chronic kidney disease | 52 (33) | 28 (41) | 24 (28) | 0.09 |
Chronic digestive disease | 61 (39) | 24 (35) | 37 (42) | 0.32 |
Chronic neurologic disease | 76 (49) | 32 (46) | 44 (51) | 0.60 |
Previous urinary tract infections UTI | 86 (55) | 45 (65) | 41 (47) | 0.02 |
History of ESBL-E UTI | 35 (41) | 28 (62) | 7 (17) | < 0.001 |
Chronic urologic disease | 111 (71) | 50 (72) | 61 (70) | 0.75 |
Urologic neoplasia | 32 (20) | 13 (19) | 19 (22) | 0.59 |
Nephrolithiasis | 27 (17) | 10 (14) | 17 (19) | 0.36 |
Prior genitourinary surgery | 49 (31) | 22 (32) | 27 (31) | 0.96 |
Neurologic bladder | 24 (15) | 10 (14) | 14 (16) | 0.74 |
Urinary tract materials | 55 (35) | 24 (35) | 31 (36) | 0.91 |
Immunodepression | 58 (37) | 26 (38) | 32 (37) | 0.91 |
Risk factors for ESBL-E infection | 143 (92) | 67 (97) | 76 (87) | 0.03 |
Hospitalization in the past 3 months | 127 (81) | 60 (87) | 67 (77) | 0.11 |
Antibiotics in the past 3 months | 96 (61) | 55 (80) | 41 (47) | < 0.001 |
Trip to an endemic area in the past 3 months | 5 (3) | 3 (4) | 2 (2) | 0.66 |
UTI or colonization with ESBL-E in the past 3 months | 33 (21) | 28 (40) | 5 (6) | < 0.001 |
Nosocomial infection | 126 (81) | 58 (84) | 68 (79) | 0.35 |
Charlson comorbidity index | 3 [2;5] | 4 [2;6] | 3 [1.5;5] | 0.37 |
ICU length of stay (days) | 5 [3;8] | 5 [4;10] | 4 [3;7.5] | 0.98 |
Hospital length of stay (days) | 15 [10;27.5] | 15 [10;27] | 15 [9;27] | 0.71 |
Clinical and biological presentation | ||||
Acute kidney injury | 134 (86) | 64 (93) | 70 (80) | 0.03 |
KDIGO stage I | 25 (16) | 10 (14) | 15 (17) | |
KDIGO stage II | 44 (28) | 17 (25) | 27 (31) | |
KDIGO stage III | 65 (42) | 37 (54) | 28 (32) | |
Septic cardiomyopathy# | 36 (24) | 19 (27) | 17 (19) | 0.24 |
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome | 42 (27) | 26 (38) | 16 (18) | 0.92 |
Stage I (PaO2/FiO2 = 200–300) | 9 (21) | 5 (19) | 4 (25) | |
Stage II (PaO2/FiO2 = 100–200) | 17 (40) | 11 (42) | 6 (37) | |
Stage III (PaO2/FiO2 < 100) | 16 (38) | 10 (38) | 6 (37) | |
Lactates (mmol/L) | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 0.70 |
WBC count (× 109 cells/mm3) | 18 [12–24] | 17 [12–23] | 19 [12–28] | 0.36 |
Neurotrophic polynuclear cells (× 109 cells/L), n = 143/156 | 15 [10–23] | 14 [10–21] | 16 [10–27] | 0.21 |
Thrombocytopenia (< 150,000/mm3) | 76 (49) | 35 (51) | 41 (47) | 0.66 |
Platelets (× 109 cells/mm3) | 128 [74–224] | 110 [60–220] | 136 [84–230] | 0.58 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.1 [8.7–11.5] | 10 [8.6–11.5] | 10.5 [8.8–11.3] | 0.86 |
Natremia (mmol/L) | 136 [132–140] | 136 [132–140] | 136 [131–140] | 0.44 |
Kalemia (mmol/L) | 4 [3.6–4.7] | 4 [3.7–4.8] | 4 [3.6–4.6] | 0.69 |
CRP (mg/L), n = 78/156 | 187 [120–298] | 214 [128–285] | 180 [120–306] | 0.42 |
PCT (ng/mL), n = 62/156 | 51 [15–98] | 75 [15–124] | 41 [15–80] | 0.21 |