Skip to main content

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and outcomes of study patients

From: Multiple-site decontamination to prevent acquired infection in patients with veno-venous ECMO support

Variables

Missing data

SC

MSD

p-value

 

SC/MSD

n = 172

n = 69

 

Age, year

0/0

51 [39–61]

46 [34–64]

0.722

Male—no. (%)

0/1

108 (62.8)

47 (68.1)

0.528

Immunocompromised—no. (%)

0/0

47 (27.3)

14 (20.3)

0.331

Onco-hematological malignancies—no. (%)

0/0

23 (13.4)

9 (13.0)

1.000

Immunomodulatory treatment—no. (%)

0/0

19 (11.0)

3 (4.3)

0.166

Other immunodepression—no. (%)

0/0

7 (4.1)

1 (1.4)

0.529

Diabetes—no. (%)

0/0

34 (19.8)

7 (10.1)

0.108

Artery disease—no. (%)

0/0

3 (1.7)

1 (1.4)

1.000

Hypertension—no. (%)

0/0

54 (31.4)

11 (15.9)

0.022

Period of admission

0/0

  

0.610

 < 2018—no. (%)

 

112 (65.1)

48 (69.5)

 

 2018–2021—no. (%)

 

60 (34.9)

21 (30.4)

 

ARDS etiology

0/0

  

0.032

 Others—no. (%)

 

82 (47.7)

29 (42.0)

 

 Bacterial—no. (%)

 

63 (36.6)

19 (27.5)

 

 Viral—no. (%)

 

27 (15.7)

21 (30.4)

 

MDRO colonization at admission—no. (%)

6/0

22 (13.5)

6 (8.7)

0.420

 ESBL-PE– no. (%)

 

20 (90.9)

4 (66.7)

 

 Carabapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae—no. (%)

 

1 (4.5)

0 (0.0)

 

 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus—no. (%)

 

0 (0.0)

1 (16.7)

 

 Imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii—no. (%)

 

1 (4.5)

0 (0.0)

 

 Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa—no. (%)

 

0 (0.0)

1 (16.7)

 

SOFA score at cannulation,

2/0

14 [10–17]

9 [7–11]

 < 0.001

PaO2/FiO2 at cannulation, mmHg

57/4

60 [54–78]

72.40 [55.50–99.50]

0.015

PaCO2 at cannulation, mmHg

118/6

61 [48.25–77.50]

51 [41–64.25]

0.017

Lactate at cannulation, mmol/L

143/14

5.30 [2.30–8.00]

2.40 [1.50–3.25]

0.005

Outcomes

    

 ECMO-associated infection—no. (%)

0/0

67 (39.0)

13 (18.8)

0.004

 Ventilator-associated pneumonia—no. (%)

0/0

58 (33.7)

12 (17.4)

0.018

 Bloodstream infection—no. (%)

0/0

31 (18.0)

7 (10.1)

0.186

 Number of days with antimicrobial treatment, days

0/10

13 [5–30]

7 [2–10]

 < 0.001

 Number of days alive without antimicrobial treatment at day 60

0/10

27 [0–53]

42 [8–53]

0.009

 Length of ECMO support, days

0/3

7 [4–18]

11 [5–24]

0.234

 Length of ICU stay, days

60/1

22 [10–40]

24 [15–42]

0.427

 MDRO colonization acquisition—no. (%)

8/0

30 (18.3)

2 (2.9)

0.004

 Death during ECMO support—no. (%)

0/0

64 (37.2)

26 (37.7)

1.000

 Death in ICU—no. (%)

0/0

74 (43.0)

31 (44.9)

0.90

  1. SC: standard care; MSD: multiple-site decontamination; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; MDRO: multidrug-resistant microorganisms; ESBL-PE: extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae; ICU: intensive care unit; ECMO: extra corporeal membrane oxygenation; AI: acquired infection