Continuous infusion of antibiotics in the critically ill: The new holy grail for beta-lactams and vancomycin?

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Overview of studies investigating PK-parameters of continuous infusion of different antimicrobials in critically ill patients

Antibiotic	Mean Css (mg/L)	Enterobacteriaceae				*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*
		EUCAST		CLSI		EUCAST and CLSI
		Breakpoint	Ratio: Css/highest possible MIC within susceptibility range	Breakpoint	Ratio: Css/highest possible MIC within susceptibility range	Breakpoint	Ratio: Css/highest possible MIC within susceptibility range
Ceftazidime [25]6 g/24 h	75	≤1	75	≤4	18.75	≤8	9.37
Ceftazidime [26]4.5 g/24 h	47	≤1	47	≤4	11.75	≤8	5.87
Ceftazidime [27]3 g/24 h	30	≤1	30	≤4	7.5	≤8	3.75
Ceftazidime [28]60 mg/kg/d	19	≤1	19	≤4	4.75	≤8	2.37
Ceftazidime [29]4 g/24 h	40	≤1	40	≤4	10	≤8	5
Ceftazidime [11]6 g/24 h	63	≤1	63	≤4	15.75	≤8	7.87
Cefepime [30]4 g/24 h	41	≤1	41	≤8	5.13	≤8	5.13
Cefepime [31]4 g/24 h	13.5	≤1	13.5	≤8	1.68	≤8	1.68
Piperacillin [32]13.5 g/24 h	35	≤8	4.37	≤16	2.18	≤16	2.18
Piperacillin [33]12 g/24 h	18	≤8	2.25	≤16	1.125	≤16	1.125
Meropenem [15]3 g/24 h	7	≤2	3.5	≤1	7	≤2	3.5

EUCAST = European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; CLSI = Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; Css = steady state concentration; MIC = minimal inhibitory concentration.