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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Characteristics at ICU admission

From: Early antibiotic therapy is associated with a lower probability of successful liberation from mechanical ventilation in patients with severe acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Variables

Total population (N = 391)

Missing data

No eABT (N = 131)

eABT (N = 260)

p-value

Centre #1– no. (%)

186 (48%)

0 (0%)

71 (46%)

115 (56%)

0.07

Sex (female)—no. (%)

128 (33%)

0 (0%)

52 (40%)

76 (29%)

0.04

Age [IQR]—yr

71 [63–79]

0 (0%)

70 [61–80]

71 [64–78]

0.66

BMI [IQR]—kg.m−2

25 [19–29]

32 (8%)

25 [19–29]

24 [20–29]

0.69

Gold score—no. (%)

 

107 (27%)

  

 0.55

     1–2

46 (16%)

 

15 (16%)

31 (16%)

 

     3

92 (32%)

 

27 (28%)

65 (34%)

 

     4

146 (51%)

 

53 (56%)

93 (49%)

 

Home oxygen—no. (%)

156 (40%)

0 (0%)

55 (42%)

101 (39%)

0.58

Home NIV—no. (%)

80 (20%)

0 (0%)

31 (24%)

48 (18%)

0.23

COPD frequent exacerbator—no. (%)

85 (22%)

0 (0%)

33 (25%)

52 (20%)

0.74

Active smoker—no. (%)

146 (43%)

53 (14%)

44 (39%)

102 (45%)

0.3

Charlson score [IQR]

5 [4–6]

0 (0%)

5 [3–6]

5 [4–6]

0.53

Invasive mechanical ventilation at ICU day-1—no. (%)

133 (34%)

0 (0%)

26 (20%)

107 (41%)

 < 0.01

SAPS2 [IQR]

36 [30–46]

0 (0%)

33 (28–41)

37 (31–47)

0.001

P. aeruginosa colonization

33 (8%)

0 (0%)

10 (8%)

23 (9%)

0.85

ICU day-1 highest body temperature [IQR]—°C

37.2 [36.6–37.9]

0 (0%)

37 [36.7–37.5]

37.4 [37–38.2]

 < 0.001

ICU day-1 worst Glasgow score without sedation

14 [11–15]

0 (0%)

14 [12–15]

14 [11–15]

0.14

ICU day-1 worst PaCO2 [IQR]—Torr

74 [63–89]

0 (0%)

76 [62.5–89]

74 [63–89]

0.98

ICU day-1 worst PaO2/FiO2 [IQR]—Torr

 

0 (0%)

  

0.01

      >300

55 (14%)

 

28 (21%)

27 (10%)

 

      200–299

241 (62%)

 

77 (59%)

164 (63%)

 

      <200

95 (24%)

 

26 (20%)

69 (27%)

 

ICU day-1 highest procalcitonin [IQR]—ng.mL−1

0.2 [0.1–0.5]

193 (49%)

0.1 [0.1–0.2]

0.3 [0.1–0.6]

 < 0.001

Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema on ICU day-1—no. (%)

174 (45%)

0 (0%)

58 (44%)

116 (45%)

1

Antibiotic therapy before ICU day-1—no. (%)

105 (27%)

0 (0%)

21 (16%)

84 (32%)

 < 0.01

IV steroid use within 24 h from ICU admission—no. (%)

88 (23%)

0 (0%)

33 (25%)

55 (21%)

0.37

  1. eABT was defined as any anti-bacterial chemotherapy introduced during the first 24 h after ICU admission. COPD frequent exacerbator status was defined as at least two acute exacerbations of COPD with hospital admission within 1 year. Percentages were calculated according to population with complete data
  2. ICU intensive care unit, eABT early antibiotic therapy, BMI body mass index, NIV non-invasive ventilation, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, P. aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PaO2/FiO2 O2 arterial partial pressure in arterial blood/fraction of inspired O2, ICU intensive care unit, SAPS2: Simplified Acute Physiology Score 2, IV intravenous and IQR interquartile range
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