Table 1 Comparisons between patients with NIV success and failure
NIV success N = 718 | NIV failure N = 568 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 57 ± 17 | 60 ± 17 | < 0.01 |
Male | 430 (60%) | 381 (67%) | < 0.01 |
SOFA score | 4.8 ± 2.4 | 6.1 ± 2.9 | < 0.01 |
Presence of ARDS | 173 (24%) | 181 (32%) | < 0.01 |
Use of vasopressor during NIV | 69 (10%) | 95 (17%) | < 0.01 |
Diagnosis | |||
Pneumonia | 362 (50%) | 409 (72%) | < 0.01 |
Nonpulmonary sepsis | 108 (15%) | 81 (14%) | 0.75 |
Pancreatitis | 127 (18%) | 37 (7%) | < 0.01 |
Other | 121 (17%) | 41 (7%) | < 0.01 |
Underlying disease | |||
Hypertension | 234 (33%) | 165 (29%) | 0.18 |
Diabetes mellitus | 153 (21%) | 106 (19%) | 0.26 |
Chronic kidney disease | 65 (9%) | 50 (9%) | 0.92 |
Chronic liver disease | 28 (4%) | 32 (6%) | 0.15 |
Variables collected before NIV | |||
GCS | 14.7 ± 0.8 | 14.5 ± 1.5 | < 0.01 |
Heart rate, beats/min | 114 ± 24 | 117 ± 24 | 0.02 |
Respiratory rate, breaths/min | 30 ± 7 | 33 ± 8 | < 0.01 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 133 ± 25 | 129 ± 26 | < 0.01 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 77 ± 17 | 76 ± 16 | 0.19 |
pH | 7.43 ± 0.09 | 7.42 ± 0.11 | 0.02 |
PaCO2, mmHg | 33 ± 7 | 33 ± 8 | 0.18 |
PaO2/FiO2, mmHg | 167 ± 91 | 145 ± 76 | < 0.01 |
SpO2, % | 90 ± 7 | 87 ± 9 | < 0.01 |
Variables collected after 1–2 h NIV | |||
GCS | 14.8 ± 0.7 | 14.5 ± 1.5 | < 0.01 |
Heart rate, beats/min | 106 ± 21 | 111 ± 23 | < 0.01 |
Respiratory rate, breaths/min | 26 ± 6 | 31 ± 8 | < 0.01 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 129 ± 22 | 126 ± 24 | 0.03 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 74 ± 14 | 72 ± 14 | 0.02 |
pH | 7.44 ± 0.07 | 7.41 ± 0.10 | < 0.01 |
PaCO2, mmHg | 33 ± 7 | 34 ± 12 | 0.17 |
PaO2/FiO2, mmHg | 213 ± 92 | 156 ± 82 | < 0.01 |
SpO2, % | 97 ± 3 | 95 ± 5 | < 0.01 |
Outcome | |||
Death in hospital | 28 (4%) | 245 (43%) | < 0.01 |
Length of ICU stay, days | 7 (5–12) | 8 (4–14) | 0.92 |
Length of hospital stay, days | 19 (12–28) | 13 (6–24) | < 0.01 |