All patients (n = 939) | Patients without active cancer (n = 736) | Patients with active ADC (n = 106) | Patients with active NADC (n = 97) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male sex | 670 (71.3) | 514 (69.8) | 79 (74.5) | 77 (79.4) | 0.11 |
Age, years | 52 (43–59) | 52 (43–59) | 50 (42–57) | 55 (47–62) | 0.02 |
Precaritya | 136 (14.5) | 104 (14.1) | 16 (15.1) | 16 (16.5) | 0.81 |
WHO performance status | |||||
0 | 514 (54.7) | 454 (61.7) | 41 (38.7) | 19 (19.6) | < 0.0001 |
1–2 | 334 (35.6) | 224 (30.4) | 49 (46.2) | 61 (62.9) | |
3–4 | 91 (9.7) | 58 (7.9) | 16 (15.1) | 17 (17.5) | |
HIV-related characteristics | |||||
Newly diagnosed HIV infectionb | 127 (13.5) | 105 (14.3) | 18 (17.0) | 4 (4.1) | 0.01 |
CD4 cell count at admission, per µL | 51 (20–147) | 50 (20–150) | 57 (38–94) | 360 (340–380) | < 0.0001 |
Previously known HIV infection | 812 (86.5) | 631 (85.7) | 88 (83.0) | 93 (95.9) | 0.01 |
cART at admission | 699 (74.4) | 539 (73.2) | 72 (67.9) | 88 (90.7) | < 0.0001 |
Baseline CD4 cell count, per µLc | 370 (180–600) | 436 (230–682) | 221 (95–484) | 301 (170–470) | < 0.0001 |
History of AIDS-defining OId | 301 (32.1) | 231 (31.4) | 37 (34.9) | 33 (34.0) | 0.96 |
History of HIV encephalitisd | 21 (2.2) | 16 (2.2) | 5 (4.7) | 0 | 0.07 |
History of Castleman diseased | 16 (1.7) | 12 (1.6) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 0.40 |
History of ADC (remission or cured)d | |||||
Any | 50 (5.3) | 41 (5.6) | 0 | 9 (9.3) | 0.01 |
AIDS-defining NHL | 11 (1.2) | 9 (1.2) | 0 | 2 (2.1) | 0.38 |
Kaposi sarcoma | 39 (4.2) | 31 (4.2) | 0 | 8 (8.2) | 0.01 |
Cervix cancer | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0 | NA |
History of NADC (remission or cured)d | |||||
Any | 53 (5.6) | 51 (6.9) | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 0.004 |
Solid NADC | 41 (5.5) | 39 (5.3) | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 0.02 |
Haematological NADC | 13 (1.4) | 13 (1.8) | 0 | 0 | 0.16 |
Chronic conditions | |||||
Respiratory | 199 (21.2) | 172 (23.4) | 7 (6.6) | 20 (20.6) | 0.0004 |
COPD | 107 (11.4) | 88 (12.0) | 2 (1.9) | 17 (17.5) | 0.001 |
Cardiac | 175 (18.6) | 149 (20.2) | 12 (11.3) | 14 (14.4) | 0.05 |
Coronary heart disease | 92 (9.8) | 80 (10.9) | 3 (2.8) | 9 (9.3) | 0.03 |
Renal | 171 (18.2) | 153 (20.8) | 6 (5.7) | 12 (12.4) | 0.0002 |
Hepatic | 200 (21.3) | 168 (22.8) | 10 (17.9) | 22 (22.7) | 0.008 |
Chronic HBV infection | 72 (7.7) | 56 (7.6) | 6 (5.7) | 10 (10.3) | 0.46 |
Chronic HCV infection | 111 (11.8) | 93 (12.6) | 5 (4.7) | 13 (13.4) | 0.06 |
Liver cirrhosis | 74 (7.9) | 58 (7.9) | 4 (3.8) | 12 (12.4) | 0.08 |
Neurological | 105 (11.2) | 90 (12.2) | 3 (2.8) | 12 (12.4) | 0.01 |
Psychiatric | 114 (12.1) | 101 (13.7) | 8 (7.5) | 5 (5.2) | 0.02 |
Solid organ transplantation | 24 (2.6) | 24 (3.3) | 0 | 0 | 0.03 |
Mode of ICU admission | |||||
Direct from the emergency department | 603 (64.2) | 525 (71.3) | 33 (31.1) | 45 (46.4) | < 0.0001 |
Transfer from wards | 336 (35.8) | 211 (28.7) | 73 (68.9) | 52 (53.6) | |
Time from hospital admission, days | 7 (3–18) | 6 (3–17) | 9 (4–18) | 9 (3–17) | < 0.0001 |
SAPS 2 at ICU admission | 36 (26–51) | 34 (23–47) | 51 (39–63) | 41 (30–56) | < 0.0001 |
SOFA score at ICU admission | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–8) | 4 (2–7) | 0.06 |
Type of ICU admission | |||||
Medical | 904 (96.3) | 710 (96.5) | 105 (99.1) | 89 (91.8) | 0.009 |
Unscheduled surgery | 13 (1.4) | 12 (1.6) | 0 | 1 (1.0) | |
Scheduled surgery | 22 (2.3) | 14 (1.9) | 1 (0.9) | 7 (7.2) | |
Main reason for ICU admission | |||||
Acute respiratory failure | 320 (34.1) | 262 (35.6) | 27 (25.5) | 31 (32.0) | < 0.0001 |
Sepsis/septic shock | 172 (18.3) | 127 (17.3) | 23 (21.7) | 22 (22.7) | |
Comae | 165 (17.6) | 139 (18.9) | 14 (13.2) | 12 (12.4) | |
Acute kidney failure | 56 (6.0) | 43 (5.8) | 8 (7.5) | 5 (5.2) | |
Drug overdose | 47 (5.0) | 46 (6.3) | 0 | 1 (1.0) | |
Metabolic | 47 (5.0) | 17 (2.3) | 21 (19.8) | 9 (9.3) | |
Shock (other than septic) | 28 (3.0) | 24 (3.3) | 1 (0.9) | 3 (3.1) | |
Cardiac arrest | 16 (1.7) | 14 (1.9) | 0 | 2 (2.1) | |
Others | 88 (9.3) | 64 (8.7) | 12 (11.3) | 12 (12.4) | |
Neutropenia at ICU admission | 46 (4.9) | 18 (2.4) | 19 (17.9) | 9 (9.3) | < 0.0001 |
Main diagnosis of the ICU stay | |||||
Cancer-related non-infectious complication | 116 (12.4) | – | 69 (65.1) | 47 (48.5) | NA |
NADC | 47 (5.0) | – | – | 47 (48.5) | NA |
ADC | 69 (7.7) | – | 69 (65.1) | – | NA |
Tumor lysis syndrome | 27 (3.1) | – | 27 (25.5) | – | NA |
Non-infectious complication of chronic conditionf | 242 (25.8) | 232 (31.5) | 1 (0.9) | 9 (9.3) | < 0.0001 |
Respiratory | 46 (4.9) | 44 (6.0) | 0 | 2 (2.1) | < 0.0001 |
Cardiac | 41 (4.4) | 39 (5.3) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | |
Renal | 28 (3.0) | 28 (3.8) | 0 | 0 | |
Hepatic | 12 (1.3) | 9 (1.2) | 0 | 3 (3.1) | |
Neurological | 24 (2.6) | 23 (3.1) | 0 | 1 (1.0) | |
Psychiatric/addiction | 65 (6.9) | 63 (8.6) | 0 | 2 (2.1) | |
Others | 26 (2.8) | 26 (3.5) | 0 | 0 | |
Bacterial sepsisg | 263 (28.0) | 206 (28.0) | 25 (23.6) | 32 (33.0) | 0.33 |
Non-AIDS-defining non-bacterial infectionh | 43 (4.6) | 42 (5.7) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 0.007 |
AIDS-defining OI | 156 (16.6) | 147 (20.0) | 7 (6.6) | 2 (2.1) | < 0.0001 |
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia | 69 (7.3) | 66 (9.0) | 3 (2.8) | 0 | 0.001 |
Cerebral toxoplasmosis | 30 (3.2) | 28 (3.8) | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 0.1 |
Tuberculosis | 14 (1.5) | 12 (1.6) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | 0.79 |
Other OI | 43 (4.6) | 41 (5.6) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | 0.02 |
cART-related toxicity | 7 (0.7) | 7 (1.0) | 0 | 0 | 0.38 |
Miscellaneous | 111 (11.9) | 102 (13.9) | 3 (2.8) | 9 (9.3) | 0.003 |
Organ support in the ICU | |||||
High-flow nasal oxygen therapy | 96 (10.2) | 73 (9.9) | 9 (8.5) | 14 (14.4) | 0.32 |
Non-invasive ventilation | 73 (7.8) | 63 (8.6) | 2 (1.9) | 8 (8.2) | 0.06 |
Invasive mechanical ventilation | 301 (32.1) | 228 (31.0) | 37 (34.9) | 36 (37.1) | 0.38 |
Vasopressors | 242 (25.8) | 169 (23.0) | 42 (39.6) | 31 (32.0) | 0.0004 |
Renal replacement therapy for AKI | 105 (11.2) | 73 (9.9) | 24 (22.6) | 8 (8.2) | 0.0002 |
VA-ECMO | 4 (0.4) | 4 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | 0.57 |
VV-ECMO | 10 (1.1) | 9 (1.2) | 0 | 1 (1.0) | 0.52 |
Chemotherapy in the ICU | 71 (7.6) | 8 (1.1) i | 50 (47.2) | 13 (13.4) | < 0.0001 |
TLD during the ICU stay | 110 (11.7) | 59 (8.0) | 19 (17.9) | 32 (33.0) | < 0.0001 |
Organ support withdrawal | 38 (4.0) | 22 (3.0) | 4 (3.8) | 12 (12.4) | < 0.0001 |
Organ support withholding | 72 (7.7) | 37 (5.0) | 15 (14.2) | 20 (20.6) | < 0.0001 |
Outcomes | |||||
ICU length of stay, days | 5 (3–9) | 4 (3–9) | 6 (3–11) | 5 (3–9) | 0.03 |
Hospital length of stay, days | 19 (10–36) | 17 (9–33) | 33 (17–60) | 22 (11–36) | < 0.0001 |
ICU readmission in ICU survivors | 48/827 (5.8) | 36/667 (5.4) | 10/87 (11.5) | 2/73 (2.7) | 0.04 |
In-ICU death | 112 (11.9) | 69 (9.4) | 19 (17.9) | 24 (24.7) | < 0.0001 |
In-hospital death, overall | 167 (17.8) | 91 (12.4) | 32 (30.2) | 44 (45.4) | < 0.0001 |
Post-ICU death, overall | 55 (5.9) | 22 (3.0) | 13 (12.3) | 20 (20.6) | < 0.0001 |
Post-ICU death related to cancer | 24 (2.6) | – | 8 (7.5) | 16 (16.5) | NA |