Effects of ambient air pollutants on ARDS incidence and outcome: a narrative review

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Air pollutant sources of emission, based on the Citepa report, France [13]

Air pollutant	Transport	Industry: manufacture	Industry: Energy	Domestic activity	Agriculture	Nature	Secondary pollutant
PM_2.5	+ +	+ +	−	+ + + +	+	NA	Yes
PM₁₀	+ +	+ + +	−	+ + +	+ + +	NA	Yes
NO₂	+ + + +	+	+	+	+	−	No
O₃	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC	Yes
SO₂	±	+ + + +	+ + +	+	−	−	No
CO	+	+ + +	±	+ + + +	+	−	No
CO₂	+ + + +	+ +	+	+ +	±	−	No

Average results for French territory in 2019. In percentage of French emission. - : < 1% ; ± : < 5%; + : 5 to 15 %; ++ : 15 to 25 %; +++ :25 to 35 %; ++++ : > 35%
Nature refers to soil erosion, pollens, biomass fires, volcanic eruptions, dust sand etc.; NA: No value available, however, depending on the site and the atmospheric condition, may be a major transitory factor; NC: not concerned