Table 1 Main baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes according to hospital status in immunocompromised patients with virus detected acute respiratory failure
From: Prognosis of critically ill immunocompromised patients with virus-detected acute respiratory failure
Variable | Overall N = 370 N (%) or Median [IQR] | Hospital discharge status | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Alive N = 230 N (%) or Median [IQR] | Dead N = 140 N (%) or Median [IQR] | |||
Age, years | 63 [52–70] | 63 [54–70] | 63 [51–70] | 0.84 |
Female gender | 144 (39) | 90 (39) | 54 (39) | 1.00 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 61 (17) | 44 (20) | 17 (13) | 0.08 |
Tobacco use | 66 (23) | 47 (26) | 19 (17) | 0.08 |
Charlson score | 4 [2–6] | 4 [3–6] | 4 [3–6] | 0.53 |
PS score ≥ 2 | 141 (43) | 79 (39) | 62 (51) | 0.04 |
Underlying conditions | ||||
Immunosuppression category | 0.33 | |||
Hematological malignancy | 234 (63) | 141 (61) | 93 (66) | |
Acute leukemia | 69 (19) | 33 (14) | 36 (26) | |
Lymphoma | 82 (22) | 53 (23) | 29 (21) | |
Multiple myeloma | 68 (18) | 49 (21) | 19 (14) | |
Others | 15 (4) | 6 (3) | 9 (6) | |
Solid tumor | 52 (23) | 31 (13) | 21 (15) | |
Other | 84 (14) | 58 (25) | 26 (19) | |
Solid organ transplant | 40 (11) | 27 (12) | 13 (9) | |
Drugs | 44 (12) | 31 (13) | 13 (9) | |
Allogeneic–HCT | 57 (15) | 33 (14) | 24 (17) | 0.57 |
Valacyclovir prophylaxis* | 90 (35) | 48 (31) | 42 (40) | 0.16 |
Clinical characteristics at ICU admission | ||||
Neutropenia | 146 (40) | 84 (37) | 62 (46) | 0.09 |
Platelet count (10^9/L) | 104 [35–188] | 122 [54–199] | 62.5 [27.5–150] | < 0.001 |
PaO2/FiO2 on day 1, mmHg | 126 [91–173] | 130 [95–173] | 116 [83.5–169] | 0.08 |
≥ 2 involved quadrants on chest X-ray | 266 (86) | 163 (86) | 103 (87) | 0.98 |
Oxygenation strategy at day 1 | ||||
NIV | 105 (28) | 64 (28) | 41 (29) | 0.81 |
High-flow oxygen | 116 (31) | 63 (27) | 53 (38) | 0.04 |
Invasive mechanical ventilation | 95 (26) | 47 (20) | 48 (35) | 0.003 |
SOFA score | 6 [4–9] | 5 [4–8] | 8 [5–11] | < 0.001 |
Detected virus | ||||
Influenza | 219 (56) | 135 (58) | 84 (60) | 0.09 |
Influenza-like | 95 (24) | 69 (29) | 26 (19) | |
Respiratory Syncytial virus | 54 | 40 | 14 | |
Parainfluenza virus III | 23 | 14 | 9 | |
Human Metapneumovirus | 18 | 15 | 3 | |
Others | 59 (15) | 45 (20) | 31 (22) | |
Rhinovirus | 22 | 11 | 11 | |
Adenovirus | 11 | 8 | 3 | |
Coronavirus | 8 | 4 | 4 | |
Others** | 18 | 22 | 13 | |
Coinfection viral–viral*** | 18 (5) | 14 (6) | 4 (3) | 0.25 |
ICU stay | ||||
Invasive mechanical ventilation (overall) | 141 (38) | 65 (28) | 76 (54) | < 0.001 |
Vasopressor support | 202 (55) | 90 (39) | 112 (80) | < 0.001 |
RRT | 64 (17) | 28 (12) | 36 (26) | 0.001 |
Oseltamivir | 98 (30) | 52 (16) | 46 (14) | 0.11 |
Steroids | 112 (34) | 78 (21) | 49 (13) | 0.51 |
Outcomes | ||||
Treatment withdrawal | 103 (28) | 12 (5) | 91 (65) | < 0.001 |
Invasive mechanical ventilation duration, days | 9 [4–18.6] | 10 [4–18] | 9 [3–19] | 0.51 |
ICU length of stay, days | 8 [4–17] | 6 [4–15] | 10 [5–20] | 0.003 |
Hospital length of stay, days | 17 [11–34] | 19 [12–34] | 15 [10–32] | 0.19 |
In-ICU mortality | 113 (31) | – | – | – |
In-hospital mortality | 140 (38) | – | – | – |