Table 1 Study characteristics of the randomized controlled trials
Study, year | Country, N centers, N patients | Enrolment location | Inclusion date | Inclusion criteria | Primary outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bouadma, 2022 | France,19 centers, 224 patients | ICU | April 2020 to January 2021 | COVID19 (suspected/confirmed) + AHRF (PaO2 < 70 mm Hg or SpO2 < 90% in room air, RR > 30/min, labored breathing, respiratory distress, O2 > 6L/min) | Time to IMV criteria fulfillment within the first 28 days after randomization |
Crimi, 2022 | Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Poland, Turkey, 27 centers, 362 patients | Ward | February 2021 to August 2021 | COVID19 (confirmed) + Signs of respiratory infection + SpO2 ≤ 92% or PaO2:FiO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg in room air | Rate of escalation of respiratory support to CPAP, NIV or IMV within 28 days of randomization |
Frat, 2022 | France, 34 centers, 711 patients | ICU | January 2021 to December 2021 | COVID19 (suspected/confirmed) + Pulmonary infiltrate + AHRF (PaO2:FiO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg) | Proportion of patients who died within 28 days following randomization |
Nazir, 2022 | India, 1 center, 120 patients | ICU | February 2021 to April 2021 | COVID19 (confirmed) + AHRF (SpO2 ≤ 90% in room air, RR > 30/min) + fever and cough | Progression-free survival without escalation of an oxygen delivery device at day 28 |
Ospina-Tascón, 2021 | Columbia, 3 centers, 199 patients | Ward and ICU | August 2020 to January 2021 | COVID19 (suspected/confirmed) + AHRF (PaO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg + use of accessory muscles + RR > 25/min) | Co–primary outcomes were need for intubation and time to clinical recovery within 28 days after randomization |
Perkins, 2022 | UK, Jersey, 48 centers, 893 patients | Ward and ICU | April 2020 to May 2021 | COVID19 (suspected/confirmed) + SpO2 ≤ 94% under FiO2 ≥ 40% | Composite of tracheal intubation or mortality within 30 days of randomization |