Table 2 Neurological events in patients with surgical indications for infective endocarditis
Neurological events | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unmatched cohort | Propensity-matched cohort | |||||||||
N | Cardiac surgery, n = 125 | N | No surgery, n = 67 | p | N | Cardiac surgery, n = 44 | N | No surgery, n = 44 | p | |
MRI, n (%) | 125 | 62 (49.6%) | 67 | 28 (41.8%) | 0.3 | 44 | 26 (59.1%) | 44 | 24 (54.5%) | 0.83 |
Ischemic stroke | ||||||||||
Ischemic stroke*, n (%) | 125 | 96 (76.8%) | 67 | 47 (70.1%) | 0.31 | 44 | 32 (72.7%) | 44 | 31 (70.5%) | 1.00 |
Volume ischemic stroke, mm3, mean ± SD | 96 | 9.5 ± 16.3 | 47 | 27.4 ± 51.2 | 0.03 | 31 | 9.6 ± 14.7 | 30 | 19.4 ± 30.8 | 0.12 |
Hemorrhagic transformation, n (%) | 125 | 12 (9.6%) | 67 | 8 (11.9%) | 0.61 | 44 | 5 (11.4%) | 44 | 4 (9.1%) | 1.00 |
Volume of hemorrhagic transformation, mm3, mean ± SD | 12 | 2.0 ± 2.0 | 8 | 10.9 ± 16.4 | < 0.001 | 5 | 3.1 ± 2.5 | 4 | 10.3 ± 15.5 | 0.42 |
Hemorrhagic stroke | ||||||||||
Hemorrhagic stroke*, n (%) | 125 | 16 (12.8%) | 67 | 14 (20.9%) | 0.14 | 44 | 5 (11.4%) | 44 | 9 (20.5%) | 0.38 |
Volume hemorrhagic stroke, mm3, mean ± SD | 16 | 18.7 ± 26.4 | 14 | 10.0 ± 12.0 | 0.25 | 5 | 33.2 ± 42.8 | 9 | 9.1 ± 9.3 | 0.28 |
Other radiologic patterns | ||||||||||
Abscess, n (%) | 125 | 3 (2.4%) | 67 | 0 (0%) | 0.20 | 44 | 0 | 44 | 0 | 1.0 |
Mycotic aneurysms, n (%) | 124 | 16 (12.9%) | 67 | (2) 2.9% | 0.02 | 44 | 8 (18.2%) | 44 | 2 (4.6%) | 0.09 |
Sub arachnoid hemorrhage, n (%) | 125 | 24 (19.2%) | 67 | 14 (20.9%) | 0.78 | 44 | 6 (13.6%) | 44 | 11 (25.0%) | 0.28 |
Microbleeds, mean ± SD | 62 | 5 ± 8.6 | 28 | 1.7 ± 3.1 | < 0.01 | 20 | 7.9 ± 12 | 18 | 0.9 ± 1.7 | 0.02 |
Meningitis, n (%) | 125 | 12 (9.6%) | 67 | 9 (13.4%) | 0.42 | 44 | 4 (9.1%) | 44 | 7 (15.9%) | 0.35 |
Abscess, n (%) | 125 | 3 (2.4%) | 67 | 0 (0%) | 0.20 | 44 | 0 | 44 | 0 | 1.0 |
Timings | ||||||||||
Antimicrobial therapy to imaging diagnosis time, days, median (IQR) | 125 | 3 (0–9) | 67 | 1 (0–8) | 0.58 | 44 | 1.5 (8) | 44 | 6 (10) | 0.14 |