Table 1 Baseline and population characteristics

N

30

10

10

10

Age, years

71 [66–74]

72 [69–76]

71 [60–72]

71 [61–74]

Sex, male

22 (73%)

7 (70%)

9 (90%)

6 (60%)

BMI, kg m⁻²

27 [25–30]

27 [25–31]

26 [25–29]

27 [25–31]

Time between Screening and Intervention Start, hours

6 [4–8]

5 [4–8]

6 [4–9]

5 [3–9]

SOFA Score

13 [11–15]

14 [11–15]

12 [10–14]

14 [12–15]

SAPS II Score

68 [64–72]

68 [65–70]

68 [60–72]

72 [66–75]

Mean Arterial Pressure, mmHg

64 [50–76]

62 [52–73]

66 [52–81]

62 [50–74]

Norepinephrine dose, µg/kg/min

0.47 [0.29–0.57]

0.48 [0.31–0.57]

0.42 [0.30–0.49]

0.40 [0.26–0.61]

Vasopressor Dependency Index

6.7 [4.1–8.5]

7.1 [4.6–8.5]

6.2 [4.2–8.29]

5.5 [3.4–9.3]

PaO₂/FiO₂ Ratio, mmHg

224 [141–304]

205 [110–357]

217 [150–252]

228 [193–323]

Endotoxin Activity

0.71 [0.65–0.78]

0.72 [0.67–0.78]

0.68 [0.66–0.79]

0.72 [0.62–0.74]

Leucocytes, 10⁶/l

13[7–19]

18 [13–22]

9 [6–14]

12 [7–19]

C-Reactive Protein^b, mg/l

262 [193–338]

366 [242–460]

182 [122–208]

296 [235–334]

Interleukin-6, ng/l

2493 [945–6578]

2226 [945–6126]

3736 [1199–26553]

2722 [509–6513]

Procalcitonin, µg/l

11.7 [3.9–23.9]

10.2 [2.8–14.4]

12.8 [8.8–21.0]

8.3 [3.3–107.6]

Lactate, mmol/l

3.0 [1.7–4.1]

2.7 [2.3–3.4]

3.0 [2.0–4.3]

3.6 [1.4–5.0]

Renal Replacement Therapy^a

26 (87%)

7 (70%)

10 (100%)

9 (90%)

Mechanical Ventilation

26 (87%)

8 (80%)

8 (80%)

10 (100%)

Positive Blood Cultures

14 (47%)

4 (40%)

4 (40%)

6 (60%)

Length of ICU Stay, days

9 [6–18]

7 [6–11]

9 [6–13]

9 [7–25]

Length of Hospital Stay, days

20 [8–41]

19 [6–40]

14 [11–24]

30 [11–50]

Survival by day 28

22 (73%)

8 (80%)

7 (70%)

7 (70%)