Fig. 5
Drive and effort at the beginning of inspiration in representative ventilatory cycles with similar esophageal swing from selected patients in NAVA, PAV + and PSV. Ten representative ventilatory cycles in each ventilatory mode (NAVA, PAV + and PSV) with similar magnitude of esophageal swing from 5 selected patients were analyzed. No differences were observed in esophageal swings and pressure–time product [PTP] per cycle between proportional modes and PSV (A and C, respectively). By contrast, delta Pes during the first 100 ms [ΔPes 100 ms] (B) and PTP during the first 300 ms [PTP300ms] (D) were significantly higher in proportional modes than in PSV. Representative ventilatory tracings from patient #8 are shown in letter E. The values of VT, ΔPes per cycle, ΔPes 100 ms and PTP300ms during NAVA, PAV + and PSV are 347, 339 and 348 ml; −8.8, −9,2 and −8.8 cm H2O; −4.3, −5.3 and −1.7 cm H2O, and 1.26, 1.38 and 0.85 cm H2O*s, respectively (*p < 0,05; and, †p < 0,001 all compared with PSV)