Pendelluft in hypoxemic patients resuming spontaneous breathing: proportional modes versus pressure support ventilation

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 2 Effect of inspiratory effort and respiratory drive on pendelluft and the association between proportional modes and pendelluft compared to PSV

Independent variables	Pendelluft _MEAN
	β (p-value)
Indices of respiratory drive
ΔP_{es 100 ms}
Unadjusted	−2.771 (p < 0.001)
Adjusted by mode	−1.977 (p = 0.001)
dP_es/dt
Unadjusted	−0.550 (p < 0.001)
Adjusted by mode	−0.373 (p = 0.003)
dP_di/dt
Unadjusted	0.665 (p < 0.001)
Adjusted by mode	0.466 (p = 0.002)
Inspiratory effort variables
PTP_min
Unadjusted	0.026 (p < 0.001)
Adjusted by ventilatory mode	0.017 (p = 0.003)
PTP_300ms
Unadjusted	9.019 (p < 0.001)
Adjusted by ventilatory mode	5.508 (p = 0.010)
ΔP_di
Unadjusted	0.857 (p < 0.001)
Adjusted by ventilatory mode	0.641 (p = 0.001)
Ventilatory Modes
NAVA
Unadjusted	3.707 (p = 0.001)
Adjusted by ΔP_{es 100 ms}	1.529 (p = 0.172)
Adjusted by PTP_min	2.606 (p = 0.010)
PAV +
Unadjusted	5.027 (p < 0.001)
Adjusted by ΔP_{es 100 ms}	2.643 (p = 0.033)
Adjusted by PTP_min	3.360 (p = 0.004)

β (p-value): Regression coefficient and p-value of each mixed-effects model
ΔP_{es 100 ms} esophageal pressure swing of the first 100 ms from the onset of inspiration, dP_es/dt change over time of esophageal pressure during the inspiratory phase, dP_di/dt change over time of transdiaphragmatic pressure during the inspiratory phase, PTP_min pressure–time product per minute, ΔP_di transdiaphragmatic pressure, PTP_300ms, pressure time product of the first 300 ms from the onset of inspiration: NAVA neurally-adjusted ventilatory assist, PAV + proportional assist ventilation, PSV pressure support ventilation