Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Effect of inhaled sedation devices on ventilatory pressures, driving pressure, and Costa index at lung compliances of 60, 40 and 20 mL/cmH₂O

From: Effects on mechanical power of different devices used for inhaled sedation in a bench model of protective ventilation in ICU

	PEEP 5 cmH₂O				PEEP 15 cm H₂O
	Compliance 60 mL/cm H₂O
Baseline	CTRL	MIRUS	ANA-100	ANA-50	CTRL	MIRUS	ANA-100	ANA-50
Ppeak	16	16	16	16	26	26^a	27^a	27^a
Pplat	11	12^a	12^a	12^a	21	22^a	23^a	23^a
PEEPt	5	6^a	6^a	6^a	15	16^a	16^a	17^a
ΔP	6	6^a	6^a	6^a	6	6^a	6^a	6^a
4×ΔP + RR	44	45^ad	45^a	45^ab	44	45^ad	45^a	45^ab
V_T correction
Ppeak	16	18^a	19^a	19^a	26	29^a	30^a	29
Pplat	11	15^a	16^a	15^a	21	25^a	26^a	25^a
PEEPt	5	6^a	6^a	6^a	15	16^a	17^a	17^a
ΔP	6	9^a	9^a	8^a	6	8^a	9^a	8^a
Final V_T	400	560	580	520	400	580	580	520
4 × ΔP + RR	44	55^acd	57^abd	53^abc	44	54^acd	57^abd	53^abc
RR correction
Ppeak	16	19^a	20^a	19^a	26	30^a	30^a	28^a
Pplat	11	15^a	16^a	14^a	21	26^a	26^a	24^a
PEEPt	5	8^a	8^a	7^a	15	19^a	19^a	17^a
ΔP	6	7^a	8^a	7^a	6	7^a	7^a	7^a
Final RR	20	32	35	29	20	35	35	26
4 × ΔP + RR	44	61^a	67^a	57^a	44	65^a	67^a	57^a

	Compliance 40 mL/cmH₂O
Baseline	CTRL	MIRUS	ANA-100	ANA-50	CTRL	MIRUS	ANA-100	ANA-50
Ppeak	18	18	19	19	29	29	29	29
Pplat	14	15^a	15^a	15^a	24	25^a	25^a	25^a
PEEPt	5	6^a	6^a	6^a	15	16^a	16^a	16^a
ΔP	9	9^a	9^a	9^a	9	9^a	9^a	9^a
4 × ΔP + RR	55	56^a^cd	56^a^bd	57^a^bc	55	56^a^cd	56^a^bd	57^a^bc
V_T correction
Ppeak	18	22^a	23^a	22^a	29	32^a	33^a	32^a
Pplat	14	19^a	20^a	18^a	24	28^a	30^a	28^a
PEEPt	5	6^a	6^a	6^a	15	16^a	17^a	16^a
ΔP	9	13^a	14^a	12^a	9	12^a	13^a	12^a
Fin^al V_T	400	580	580	520	400	580	580	520
4xΔP + RR	55	71^a^cd	74^a^bd	68^a^bc	55	71^a^cd	74^a^bd	68^a^bc
RR correction
Ppeak	18	21^a	21^a	20^a	29	32^a	32^a	31^a
Pplat	14	18^a	17^a	17^a	24	28^a	28^a	27^a
PEEPt	5	8^a	7^a	7^a	15	18^a	18^a	17^a
ΔP	9	10^a	10a	10^a	9	10^a	10^a	10^a
Final RR	20	35	35	29	20	35	35	29
4xΔP + RR	55	75^acd	76^abd	68^abc	55	75^acd	76^abd	68^abc

	Compliance 20 mL/cm H₂O
Baseline	CTRL	MIRUS	ANA-100	ANA-50	CTRL	MIRUS	ANA-100	ANA-50
Ppeak	26	25	26	26	36	36	37^a	37
Pplat	22	23^a	23^a	23^a	32	33^a	34^a	34^a
PEEPt	5	5^a	6a	6^a	15	16^a	16^a	16^a
ΔP	17	17^a	17a	17a	17	17^a	17^a	17^a
4 × ΔP + RR	88	88^cd	90^ab	90^ab	88	88^cd	90^ab	90^ab
V_T correction
Ppeak	26	31^a	34a	32^a	36	41^a	43^a	41^a
Pplat	22	28^a	32^a	29^a	32	38^a	41^a	38^a
PEEPt	5	5^a	6^a	6^a	15	16^a	16^a	16^a
ΔP	17	22^a	25^a	23^a	17	22^a	24^a	22^a
Final V_T	400	580	580	520	400	580	580	520
4xΔP + RR	88	109^acd	123^abd	114^abc	88	109^acd	123^abd	114^abc
RR correction
Ppeak	26	27^a	27^a	27^a	36	37^a	38a	37^a
Pplat	22	24a	24^a	24^a	32	34a	35^a	34^a
PEEPt	5	6^a	6^a	6^a	15	17^a	17^a	16^a
ΔP	17	17^a	18^a	18^a	17	18^a	18^a	18^a
Final RR	20	35	35	29	20	35	35	26
4 × ΔP + RR	88	106^acd	107^abd	102^abc	88	106^acd	107^abd	102^abc

Data are expressed as mean and standard deviations are not shown because they are equal to 0 for each parameter
CTRL Control group (no device, values reported in bold), MIRUS Mirus device, ANA-100 AnaConDa device with 100 mL volumetric dead space; ANA-50: AnaConDa device with 50 mL volumetric dead space; PPeak: peak pressure (cmH₂O); PPlat: plateau pressure (cmH₂O); PEEPt: total positive end-expiratory pressure (cmH₂O); ΔP: driving pressure (cmH₂O); 4×ΔP + RR: Costa index (arbitrary units)
Final V_T: tidal volume (expressed in mL) set on the ventilator to maintain end-tidal CO₂ at 40 ± 2 mmHg; Final RR: respiratory rate (breaths/minute) set on the ventilator to maintain end-tidal CO₂ at 40 ± 2 mmHg
^ap < 0.01 vs. CTRL
^bp < 0.01 vs. MIRUS
^cp < 0.01 vs. ANA-100
^dp < 0.01 vs. ANA-50

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