Table 2 Univariable and multivariable analyses of factors associated with in-hospital mortality
Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Survivors (n = 76) | Nonsurvivors (n = 43) | P | OR [95% CI] | P |
Age, median [IQR] | 63.5 [41.5–74] | 70 [51.5–76.5] | 0.05 | 1.02 [0.99–1.04] | 0.23 |
SOFA score | 4.5 [2–8] | 8 [4–11] | 0.01 | 1.09 [0.98–1.21] | 0.12 |
SAPS II score | 34 [21.5–53] | 53.5 [36.75–68.25] | < 0.001 | ||
Hypertension, n (%) | 27 (35.5) | 24 (55.8) | 0.04 | ||
Alcohol abuse, n (%) | 6 (7.9) | 12 (27.9) | 0.006 | 4.48 [1.36–16.27] | 0.02 |
Immunocompromised1, n (%) | 30 (39.5) | 31 (72.1) | 0.001 | 3.43 [1.4–8.99] | 0.01 |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 7 (9.2) | 11 (25.6) | 0.03 | ||
Time between hospital presentation and ICU admission2 (days) | 1 [0–3] | 3 [1–11.5] | 0.002 | ||
VZV disease on ICU admission, n (%) | 73 (96.1) | 35 (81.4) | 0.02 | ||
VZV disease occurring in ICU, n (%) | 3 (3.9) | 8 (18.6) | 0.02 | 4.5 [1.02–25.36] | 0.05 |
VZV-related organ injury, n (%) | |||||
Vesicular skin rash | 61 (80.3) | 28 (65.1) | 0.11 | ||
Encephalitis | 41 (53.9) | 25 (58.1) | 0.7 | ||
Pancreatitis | 3 (3.9) | 2 (4.7) | 1 | ||
Hepatitis | 4 (5.3) | 7 (16.3) | 0.1 | ||
Pneumonia | 35 (46.1) | 18 (41.9) | 0.7 | ||
ARDS | 14 (18.4) | 12 (27.9) | 0.25 | ||
Laboratory values on ICU admission | |||||
Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.2 [0.8–2.35] | 1.7 [1.25–2.65] | 0.08 | ||
Leucocyte count (/mm3) | 8800 [6225–11,850] | 11,310 [7575–13,895] | 0.02 | ||
Lymphocyte count (/mm3) | 895 [502.5–1650] | 585 [285–1575] | 0.15 | ||
Platelets (G/L) | 162 [96–239.5] | 147 [78.5–238.5] | 0.85 | ||
CSF leucocyte count (/mm3)3 | 130 [30–330] | 19 [6.75–74.75] | 0.004 | ||
CSF protein count (g/L)3 | 0.94 [0.61–1.8] | 0.96 [0.65–2.32] | 0.49 | ||
In ICU management | |||||
Norepinephrine, n (%) | 27 (35.5) | 27 (62.8) | 0.01 | ||
Dobutamine, n (%) | 1 (1.3) | 2 (4.7) | 0.3 | ||
Invasive mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 37 (48.7) | 35 (81.4) | 0.01 | ||
Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 12 (15.8) | 19 (45.2) | 0.001 | ||
Antiviral therapy, n (%) | 76 (100) | 41 (97.6) | 0.36 | ||
Time between hospital presentation and first antiviral infusion2 (days) | 1 [0–3] | 2 [1–6.75] | 0.01 | ||
Systemic corticosteroids for VZV infection, n (%) | 5 (6.8) | 5 (12.2) | 0.52 | ||
ICU-acquired infection, n (%) | 25 (32.9) | 19 (45.2) | 0.23 | ||
>1 episode, n (%) | 4 (5.3) | 8 (19) | 0.03 | 2.57 [0.64–11.58] | 0.19 |