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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Baseline characteristics at inclusion

From: Spontaneous breathing trial with pressure support on positive end-expiratory pressure and extensive use of non-invasive ventilation versus T-piece in difficult-to-wean patients from mechanical ventilation: a randomized controlled trial

Variables

Extensively-assisted weaning group (n = 47)

Standard weaning group (n = 47)

Median age [IQR]—yr

68 [58–73]

62 [55–71]

Male sex—no. (%)

29 (62%)

27 (57%)

Mean body mass index (SD)—kg/m2

28.1 (7.1)

29.9 (8.3)

Median Charlson score [IQR]

4 [3–6]

3 [2–5]

Mean SAPS2 score at ICU admission (SD)

57 (15)

50 (16)

Cause of ICU admission—no. (%)

  

 Planned surgery

2 (4%)

5 (11%)

 Emergent surgery

0 (0%)

4 (9%)

 Medical

45 (96%)

38 (81%)

Cause(s) for intubation—no. (%)

  

 Hemodynamic

5 (11%)

6 (13%)

 Neurologic

6 (13%)

8 (17%)

 Post-operative

1 (2%)

5 (11%)

 Respiratory

45 (96%)

38 (81%)

COPD

  

 Proven—no. (%)

11 (23%)

8 (17%)

 Suspected—no. (%)

3 (6%)

3 (6%)

Chronic respiratory failure—no. (%)

10 (21%)

7 (15%)

Home respiratory support

  

 Oxygen without NIV—no. (%)

3 (6%)

1 (2%)

 NIV with or without oxygen– no. (%)

6 (13%)

5 (11%)

Chronic heart failure—no. (%)

6 (13%)

5 (11%)

COVID-19—no. (%)

17 (36%)

18 (38%)

Median time between intubation and inclusion [IQR]—days

7 [4–20]

8 [4–22]

Mean SOFA score (SD)

7 (3)

6 (3)

Randomization strata

  

 COPD—no. (%)

14 (30%)

11 (23%)

 CHF—no. (%)

4 (9%)

4 (9%)

 No COPD nor CHF—no. (%)

29 (62%)

32 (68%)

Ventilatory mode

  

 Volume assist-control ventilation—no. (%)

38 (81%)

22 (47%)

 Pressure support—no. (%)

9 (19%)

25 (53%)

Median FiO2 [IQR]—%

35 [30–40]

30 [30–40]

Mean tidal volume (SD)—mL

378 (120)

389 (107)

Mean pressure support level (SD)—cmH2O*

11 (4)

10 (3)

Median positive end-expiratory pressure [IQR]—cmH2O

5 [5–5]

5 [5–5]

Mean respiratory rate (SD)—/min

25 (6)

24 (5)

Mean minute-ventilation (SD)—L/min

9.5 (3.1)

9.3 (3.1)

Mean pH (SD)**

7.45 (0.07)

7.45 (0.06)

Mean PaO2 (SD)—Torr**

80 (23)

76 (13)

Mean PaCO2 (SD)—Torr**

45 (10)

44 (9)

Median lactate [IQR]—mmol/L†

2 [1, 2]

2 [1, 2]

Mean cumulative fluid balance (SD)—kg‡,§

− 3.2 (8.4)

− 5.6 (9.5)

  1. CHF denotes chronic heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRF, chronic respiratory failure; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; SAPS2, simplified acute physiology score II; ICU, intensive care unit; FiO2, inspired fraction of oxygen; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; PaO2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PaCO2, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; and SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment score
  2. Variables are expressed as median [IQR] when their distribution is asymmetrical, or mean (SD) otherwise
  3. *Among patients in pressure support mode (extensively-assisted weaning group: 9, standard weaning group: 25)
  4. **Blood gases parameters at inclusion were missing for 1 patient from the standard weaning group
  5. †Lactate was missing for 8 patients in the extensively-assisted weaning group and 6 in the standard weaning group
  6. ‡between ICU admission and inclusion
  7. §Cumulative fluid balance at inclusion was missing for 2 patients in the extensively-assisted weaning group and 1 in the standard weaning group
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