Table 3 Postoperative outcome
From: Goal-directed fluid restriction during brain surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Parameters | GDFR group (n = 73) | Control group (n = 72) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
ICU length of stay (days) | 3 (1–5) | 6 (3–11) | 0.001 |
Mortality (n/%) | 4/5.5 | 9/12.5 | 0.158 |
Hospital length of stay (days) | 15 (7–23) | 17 (9–27) | 0.069 |
Complications (day 30) | |||
Total (n) | 46 | 99 | 0.043 |
Patients with one or more complications (n/%) | 14/19.2 | 25/34.7 | 0.034 |
Vomiting (n/%) | 2/2.7 | 2/2.8 | 0.989 |
Coma (n/%) | 3/4.1 | 2/2.8 | 0.660 |
Seizure (n/%) | 1/1.4 | 3/4.2 | 0.304 |
Encephaledema (CT/MRI) (n/%) | 9/12.3 | 16/22.2 | 0.115 |
Pneumonia (n/%) | 9/12.3 | 20/27.8 | 0.020 |
Sepsis (n/%) | 0/0 | 2/2.8 | 0.152 |
Ventilator support (n/%) | 6/8.2 | 12/16.7 | 0.123 |
New onset of ventilator support (n/%) | 3/4.1 | 8/11.1 | 0.111 |
AKI (without dialysis) (n/%) | 3/4.1 | 5/6.9 | 0.455 |
Renal failure with dialysis (n/%) | 0/0 | 1/1.4 | 0.312 |
Stroke (including TIA) (n/%) | 1/1.4 | 0/0 | 0.319 |
Deep vein thrombosis (n/%) | 0/0 | 4/5.6 | 0.041 |
Graft thrombosis (n/%) | 0/0 | 1/1.4 | 0.312 |
Wound infection/dehiscence (n/%) | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 |
Skin lesions (n/%) | 8/11.0 | 16/22.2 | 0.068 |
Arrhythmias (non-life threatening) (n/%) | 1/1.4 | 2/2.8 | 0.552 |
Arrhythmias (life threatening) (n/%) | 0/0 | 1/1.4 | 0.312 |
Heart failure/pulmonary edema (n/%) | 0/0 | 4/5.6 | 0.041 |
Acute myocardial infarction (n/%) | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 |
Pulmonary embolism (n/%) | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 |
Costs | |||
Hospital costs ($) | 9218 ± 2890 | 10,249 ± 3175 | 0.482 |
ICU costs ($) | 1776 ± 459 | 3080 ± 700 | 0.037 |