Circulating bile acids predict outcome in critically ill patients

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 2 Serum levels of individual bile acids in critically ill and control patients

Parameter	Cardiogenic shock	Septic shock	Post-surgery	Controls
TC^{c, d, e, f}	0.15 (0.09–0.49)	0.25 (0.11–0.73)	0.12 (0.08–0.32)	0.02 (0.02–0.02)
TCDC^{c, d, e, f}	0.27 (0.1–0.79)	0.5 (0.08–1.83)	0.11 (0.05–0.54)	0.01 (0.01–0.01)
TDC^{d, e, f}	0.19 (0.03–0.49)	0.13 (0.01–0.52)	0.12 (0.03–0.52)	0.03 (0.03–0.03)
TLC^{b, d, e, f}	0.07 (0.05–0.11)	0.06 (0.03–0.08)	0.05 (0.03–0.07)	0.01 (0.01–0.01)
TUDC^{d, e}	0.09 (0.07–0.12)	0.11 (0.07–0.17)	0.08 (0.07–0.3)	0.01 (0.01–0.01)
GC^{a, b, c, d, e, f}	0.35 (0.24–0.71)	0.61 (0.32–2.3)	0.26 (019–0.37)	0.03 (0.03–0.1)
GCDC^{a, b, c, d, e, f}	0.34 (0.12–1.29)	0.96 (0.21–2.5)	0.11 (0.05–0.7)	0.05 (0.05–0.36)
GDC^{d, e, f}	0.29 (0.07–0.58)	0.56 (0.11–1.03)	0.22 (0.06–0.97)	0.01 (0.01–0.01)
GLC	0.09 (0.06–0.19)	0.09 (0.07–0.13)	0.13 (0.11–0.15)
GUDC^{d, e, f}	0.06 (0.04–0.11)	0.09 (0.04–0.13)	0.05 (0.04–0.1)	0.02 (0.02–0.02)
UDC^{d, e, f}	0.04 (0.03–0.07)	0.07 (0.02–0.13)	0.03 (0.02–0.14)	0.01 (0.01–0.07)
CL^{b, c}	0.04 (0.03–0.05)	0.04 (0.03–0.17)	0.03 (0.02–0.04)	0.04 (0.01–0.05)
CDC	0.09 (0.05–0.29)	0.22 (0.05–0.9)	0.1 (0.06–0.21)	0.1 (0.09–0.15)
DC^{d, e, f}	0.1 (0.08–0.18)	0.09 (0.07–0.25)	0.09 (0.07–0.17)	0.05 (0.05–0.08)
LC^{b, d}	0.05 (0.04–0.06)	0.04 (0.03–0.06)	0.04 (0.03–0.05)	0.04 (0.04–0.04)
TBA^{a, b, c, d, e}	1.18 (0.63–4.08)	4.28 (1.15–6.96)	0.68 (0.38–1.51)	0.62 (0.41–0.92)

Bile acids on admission are shown as median and IQR; bile acids (μmol/l)
TC taurocholic acid, TCDC taurochenodeoxycholic acid, TDC taurodeoxycholic acid, TLC taurolithocholic acid, TUDC tauroursodeoxycholic acid, GCDC glycochenodeoxycholic acid, GC glycocholic acid, GDC glycodeoxycholic acid, GLC glycolithocholic acid, GUDC glycoursodeoxycholic acid, UDC ursodeoxycholic acid, CL cholic acid, CDC chenodeoxycholic acid, DC deoxycholic acid, LC lithocholic acid, TBA total bile acids
^a p < 0.05 cardiogenic shock versus septic shock
^b p < 0.05 cardiogenic shock versus post-surgery
^c p < 0.05 septic shock versus post-surgery
^d p < 0.05 cardiogenic shock versus controls
^e p < 0.05 septic shock versus controls
^f p < 0.05 post-surgery versus controls