Age (years)
|
61 ± 17
|
65 ± 15
|
<0.01
|
Chronic disease
| | | |
COPD
|
527 (20.4)
|
80 (34.2)
|
<0.01
|
Diabetes
|
548 (21.2)
|
65 (27.8)
|
0.025
|
Immunoincompetence
|
544 (21.9)
|
40 (17.9)
|
0.17
|
Chronic cardiac failure
|
252 (9.8)
|
38 (16.2)
|
<0.01
|
Chronic renal failure
|
248 (9.6)
|
38 (16.2)
|
<0.01
|
Active neoplasm
|
210 (8.1)
|
22 (9.4)
|
0.58
|
Hematological malignancy
|
134 (5.2)
|
4 (1.7)
|
0.03
|
Chronic liver failure
|
106 (4.1)
|
6 (2.6)
|
0.33
|
Type of admission
| | |
<0.001
|
Medical
|
1979 (76.7)
|
179 (76.5)
| |
Postoperative
|
127 (4.9)
|
26 (11.1)
| |
Surgical
|
365 (14.1)
|
28 (12.0)
| |
Trauma
|
108 (4.2)
|
1 (0.4)
| |
ARDS severity
| | |
<0.001
|
Mild
|
651 (25.2)
|
63 (26.9)
| |
Moderate
|
1026 (39.8)
|
80 (34.2)
| |
Severe
|
524 (20.3)
|
33 (14.1)
| |
ARDS receiving only NIV
|
378 (14.7)
|
58 (24.8)
| |
Day 1 SOFA scoreb
|
9.5 ± 4.1
|
8.5 ± 3.7
|
<0.01
|
Day 1 non-pulmonary SOFA scorec
|
6.3 ± 4.1
|
5.3 ± 3.7
|
<0.01
|
Worst SOFA score
|
11.2 ± 4.4
|
9.8 ± 4.1
|
<0.01
|
Worst non-pulmonary SOFA score
|
8.1 ± 4.2
|
6.8 ± 4.1
|
<0.01
|
FiO2
|
0.60 [0.45–0.80]
|
0.50 [0.40–0.80]
|
0.03
|
Total respiratory rate (1/min)
|
21.8 ± 8.9
|
21.3 ± 6.5
|
0.42
|
Tidal volume (mL/kg PBW)
|
7.7 ± 2.0
|
7.9 ± 2.3
|
0.20
|
In intubated patients
|
7.6 ± 1.9
|
7.7 ± 1.9
|
0.59
|
In NIV patients
|
8.3 ± 2.7
|
8.7 ± 3.2
|
0.52
|
Set PEEP (cmH2O)
|
8.2 ± 3.2
|
7.5 ± 2.4
|
<0.01
|
Peak pressure (cmH2O)
|
25.6 ± 8.8
|
23.5 ± 8.0
|
<0.01
|
Plateau pressure (cmH2O)d
|
23.2 ± 6.1
|
22.8 ± 5.4
|
0.65
|
Respiratory system compliance (mL/cmH2O)d
|
36.8 ± 22.1
|
33.5 ± 15.2
|
0.16
|
Driving pressure (cmH2O)d
|
14.7 ± 5.4
|
11.8 ± 6.0
|
0.67
|
Standardized minute ventilation (L/min)e
|
11.3 ± 5.4
|
11.9 ± 6.0
|
0.42
|
PaO2/FiO2 ratio (mmHg)
|
159 ± 67
|
169 ± 68
|
0.03
|
SpO2 (%)
|
96 [93−98]
|
96 [94–98]
|
0.18
|
PaCO2 (mmHg)
|
45.6 ± 15.3
|
48.8 ± 18.0
|
0.01
|
pH
|
7.33 ± 0.12
|
7.33 ± 0.12
|
0.90
|