Parameters | ARDS patients with ≥1 risk factor identified (n = 2579) | ARDS patients with no risk factor identified (n = 234) | p valuea |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 61 ± 17 | 65 ± 15 | <0.01 |
Chronic disease | |||
COPD | 527 (20.4) | 80 (34.2) | <0.01 |
Diabetes | 548 (21.2) | 65 (27.8) | 0.025 |
Immunoincompetence | 544 (21.9) | 40 (17.9) | 0.17 |
Chronic cardiac failure | 252 (9.8) | 38 (16.2) | <0.01 |
Chronic renal failure | 248 (9.6) | 38 (16.2) | <0.01 |
Active neoplasm | 210 (8.1) | 22 (9.4) | 0.58 |
Hematological malignancy | 134 (5.2) | 4 (1.7) | 0.03 |
Chronic liver failure | 106 (4.1) | 6 (2.6) | 0.33 |
Type of admission | <0.001 | ||
Medical | 1979 (76.7) | 179 (76.5) | |
Postoperative | 127 (4.9) | 26 (11.1) | |
Surgical | 365 (14.1) | 28 (12.0) | |
Trauma | 108 (4.2) | 1 (0.4) | |
ARDS severity | <0.001 | ||
Mild | 651 (25.2) | 63 (26.9) | |
Moderate | 1026 (39.8) | 80 (34.2) | |
Severe | 524 (20.3) | 33 (14.1) | |
ARDS receiving only NIV | 378 (14.7) | 58 (24.8) | |
Day 1 SOFA scoreb | 9.5 ± 4.1 | 8.5 ± 3.7 | <0.01 |
Day 1 non-pulmonary SOFA scorec | 6.3 ± 4.1 | 5.3 ± 3.7 | <0.01 |
Worst SOFA score | 11.2 ± 4.4 | 9.8 ± 4.1 | <0.01 |
Worst non-pulmonary SOFA score | 8.1 ± 4.2 | 6.8 ± 4.1 | <0.01 |
FiO2 | 0.60 [0.45–0.80] | 0.50 [0.40–0.80] | 0.03 |
Total respiratory rate (1/min) | 21.8 ± 8.9 | 21.3 ± 6.5 | 0.42 |
Tidal volume (mL/kg PBW) | 7.7 ± 2.0 | 7.9 ± 2.3 | 0.20 |
In intubated patients | 7.6 ± 1.9 | 7.7 ± 1.9 | 0.59 |
In NIV patients | 8.3 ± 2.7 | 8.7 ± 3.2 | 0.52 |
Set PEEP (cmH2O) | 8.2 ± 3.2 | 7.5 ± 2.4 | <0.01 |
Peak pressure (cmH2O) | 25.6 ± 8.8 | 23.5 ± 8.0 | <0.01 |
Plateau pressure (cmH2O)d | 23.2 ± 6.1 | 22.8 ± 5.4 | 0.65 |
Respiratory system compliance (mL/cmH2O)d | 36.8 ± 22.1 | 33.5 ± 15.2 | 0.16 |
Driving pressure (cmH2O)d | 14.7 ± 5.4 | 11.8 ± 6.0 | 0.67 |
Standardized minute ventilation (L/min)e | 11.3 ± 5.4 | 11.9 ± 6.0 | 0.42 |
PaO2/FiO2 ratio (mmHg) | 159 ± 67 | 169 ± 68 | 0.03 |
SpO2 (%) | 96 [93−98] | 96 [94–98] | 0.18 |
PaCO2 (mmHg) | 45.6 ± 15.3 | 48.8 ± 18.0 | 0.01 |
pH | 7.33 ± 0.12 | 7.33 ± 0.12 | 0.90 |