Table 1 Characteristics of randomized clinical trials included
Study | Population | Intervention | Mortality definition | Risk of bias | Funding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bower et al. [28] Multi-centre USA | ICU patients (N = 326); stratified by sepsis (N = 44 of 326) Age 18–80 | Enteral administration Impact versus Osmolyte | NR | High | Pharmaceutical (Sandoz Nutrition) |
Galban et al. [30] Multi-centre Spain | ICU patients with sepsis requiring EN (N = 181) Age > 14 (mean 55.8) | Enteral administration Impact versus Precitene Hiperproteico | NR | High | Pharmaceutical (Novartis Nutrition) |
Grecu et al. [32] Single-centre Romania | ICU and PACU patients with abdominal sepsis requiring PN; 15 of 54 in ICU Age NR | Parenteral administration Omegaven + LCT versus LCT alone | ICU | Unclear | NR |
Pontes-Arruda et al. [35] Single-centre Brazil | ICU patients with severe sepsis or septic shock requiring MV (N = 103) Age > 18 (mean 65.1) | Enteral administration EPA, GLA, antioxidants versus standard formulation | 28-day | High | Pharmaceutical (Abbott Laboratories) |
Guo et al. [42] Single-centre China | ICU patients with sepsis and APACHE II score >12 (N = 80) Age 18–70 (mean 40.0) | Parenteral administration Omega-3 PUFAs versus 20% fat emulsion | 28-day | High | NR |
Qu et al. [39] NR China | Patients with sepsis and APACHE II score 15–20 (N = 40) Age 18–65 | Parenteral administration 10% omega-3 PUFAs versus standard TPN | 28-day | Unclear | Academic. National Natural Science Foundation of China |
Barbosa et al. [43] Single-centre Portugal | ICU patients with sepsis predicted to need parenteral nutrition (N = 25) Age range 32–80 | Parenteral administration Lipoplus + NuTRIflex Special versus NuTRIflex Lipid Special | 28-day and 5-day | High | No external funding |
Wu et al. [40] Single-centre China | ICU patients with sepsis (NÂ =Â 60) Mean age 63.42 | Parenteral administration Omega-3 PUFAs versus 20% LCTs | 28-day | High | NR |
Zhao et al. [41] Single-centre China | ICU patients with sepsis or septic shock (NÂ =Â 116) Mean age 53.3 | Parenteral administration Omegaven versus standard care | 28-day | Unclear | NR |
Grau-Carmona et al. [31] Multi-centre Spain | ICU patients with sepsis and receiving MV (N = 132) Age ≥ 18 (mean 63) | Enteral administration Oxepa versus Ensure Plus | 28-day | High | Pharmaceutical (Abbott Laboratories) |
Khor et al. [34] Single-centre Taiwan | ICU patients with severe sepsis (N = 28) Age ≥ 18 (mean 69.3) | Parenteral administration Omegaven versus normal saline | 28-day | Unclear | NR |
Pontes-Arruda et al. [36] Multi-centre Brazil | ICU patients with early sepsis requiring EN (N = 106) Age > 18 (mean 71) | Enteral administration Oxepa versus Ensure Plus HN | 28-day | High | Pharmaceutical (Abbott Laboratories) |
Hosny et al. [25] Single-centre Egypt | ICU patients with early sepsis (N = 75) Age ≥ 18 (mean 52.1) | Enteral administration (oral or NG) High-dose omega-3 + antioxidants versus low-dose omega-3 + antioxidants versus standard care | 28-day | High | NR |
Burkhart et al. [29] Single-centre Switzerland | ICU patients with sepsis (N = 50) Age > 18 (mean 69) | Parenteral administration Omegaven versus standard care | Median follow-up 109 days | High | Pharmaceutical (Fresenius Kabi) and academic |
Gultekin et al. [38] Single-centre Turkey | General Surgery ICU patients with severe sepsis or septic shock requiring TPN (N = 32) Age ≥ 18 (mean 62.9) | Parenteral administration Omegaven + ClinOleic—Baxter olive oil emulsion versus olive oil emulsion | NR | High | NR |
Hall et al. [33] Single-centre United Kingdom | ICU patients with sepsis (NÂ =Â 60) Adults (mean age 64.2) | Parenteral administration Omegaven versus standard care | 28-day and inpatient | Unclear | Omegaven supplied by Fresenius Kabi; no other financial support |
Shirai et al. [37] Single-centre Japan | ICU patients with sepsis-induced ARDS receiving MV (N = 46) Age > 18 (mean 72.5) | Enteral administration Oxepa versus Ensure Liquid | 60-day | High | NR |