Fig. 1

Study design and measurement protocol. Patients planned for elective coronary angiography in a university hospital were included in the study based on the presence of moderate-to-severe aortic valve stenosis or dilated cardiomyopathy in echocardiography. A control group was formed consisting of patients devoid of valvular disease, severe diastolic dysfunction (E/e′ ratio > 15), and reduced LV-EF <40%. During the coronary angiography session, left and right heart catheterization, left ventricular angiography, and transpulmonary thermodilution were performed. AS aortic valve stenosis, DCM dilated cardiomyopathy, LV-EF left ventricular ejection fraction