Table 2 Subgroup of ICU diabetics with septic shock: main characteristics at ICU admission, during ICU stay and ICU/hospital outcome
Septic shocks | No metformin | Metformin | |
|---|---|---|---|
N | 131 | 79 (60.3) | 52 (39.7) |
Age (y) | 70 [63–78] | 71 [64–78] | 66 [61–78] |
Men | 89 (67.9) | 56 (70.9) | 33 (63.5) |
SAPS II | 52 [42–69] | 48 [40–68] | 57 [46–68] |
Usual metformin contraindication | 79 (60.3) | 56 (70.9) | 23 (44.2)* |
Chronic respiratory failure | 30 (22.9) | 21 (26.6) | 9 (17.3) |
Chronic cardiac failure | 27 (20.6) | 20 (25.3) | 7 (13.5) |
Chronic liver disease | 26 (19.8) | 18 (22.8) | 8 (15.4) |
Chronic renal failure | 19 (14.5) | 16 (20.3) | 3 (5.8)* |
Recent myocardial infarction | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.3) | 0 |
pH | 7.32 [7.2–7.38] | 7.32 [7.23–7.39] | 7.26 [7.17–7.38] |
PaCO2 (mmHg) | 34 [27–42] | 35 [29–43] | 34 [24–42] |
HCO3 (mmHg) | 18.2 [13.3–22.2] | 19.7 [14.7–24.1] | 15.5 [10.1–19.9]* |
Lactate (mmol/L) | 2.2 [1.1–5] | 1.4 [1–2.8] | 4.5 [2.1–8.7]* |
INR | 1.5 [1.2–2.3] | 1.6 [1.3–2.9] | 1.4 [1.1–1.9] |
Bilirubin (µmol/L) | 12 [8–24] | 13 [8–26] | 10 [8–19] |
C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 95 [24–224] | 98 [30–225] | 85 [14–212] |
Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.6 [9.1–12.4] | 10.7 [9.3–12.4] | 10.5 [9.1–12.4] |
Leucocytes (G/L) | 12.1 [8.3–19.6] | 11.9 [8.5–19] | 12.9 [8.4–21.6] |
Platelets (G/L) | 185 [119–265] | 199 [120–273] | 173 [118–252] |
Creatinine (µmol/L) | 167 [113–326] | 163 [108–276] | 176 [123–364] |
Urinary output day 1 (mL) | 1200 [553–2200] | 1200 [558–1925] | 1425 [443–2400] |
Number of patients with vascular filling > 50 mL/kg ≥ 1 day | 76 (60.3) | 42 (58.4) | 34 (69.4) |
Maximum dose of noradrenaline | |||
(mg/h) | 2 [1–4.3] | 2 [1–3.5] | 3.5 [1.3–5]* |
(µg/kg/min) | 0.43 [0.22–0.95] | 0.4 [0.21–0.76] | 0.61 [0.23–1.16] |
Maximum dose of adrenaline | |||
(mg/h) | 2.5 [1.5–6] | 3 [1.5–6.3] | 2.5 [1.4–6] |
(µg/kg/min) | 0.61 [0.25–1.22] | 0.52 [0.22–1.3] | 0.66 [0.27–0.98] |
Noradrenaline duration (h) | 39 [18–64] | 48 [19–71] | 36 [15–59] |
Adrenaline duration (h) | 36 [9–90] | 36 [14–90] | 30 [6–102] |
Vasopressor duration (h) | 48 [24–96] | 48 [24–97] | 36 [23–72] |
Acute kidney injury | 104 (79.4) | 62 (78.5) | 42 (80.8) |
ARDS | 48 (36.6) | 27 (34.2) | 21 (40.4) |
Renal replacement therapy | 51 (38.9) | 24 (30.4) | 27 (51.9)* |
Invasive ventilation | 96 (73.3) | 56 (70.9) | 40 (76.9) |
ICU length of stay (d) | 9 [5–16] | 9 [6–19] | 7 [4–13] |
Hospital length of stay (d) | 15 [7–29] | 15 [8–29] | 16 [4–26] |
ICU death | 51 (38.9) | 31 (39.2) | 20 (38.5) |
Hospital death | 53 (40.5) | 33 (41.8) | 20 (38.5) |