Vascular complications in adult postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock patients receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 3 Univariable and multivariable analyses of factors associated with major vascular complications (severe limb ischemia and cannulation site bleeding)

Factor	Univariable analysis OR [95% CI], p value	Multivariable analysis OR [95% CI], p value
Severe limb ischemia
Peripheral artery disease	0.73 [0.37–1.46] 0.378
Hypertension	0.79 [0.47–1.31] 0.356
Hypercholesterolemia	0.84 [0.33–2.13] 0.718
Smoking	0.75 [0.45–1.25] 0.276
Obesity	3.47 [1.20–10.03] 0.005	2.65 [1.26–5.56] 0.010
Coronary artery disease	2.47 [1.19–5.14] 0.022
Diabetes	0.86 [0.68–3.14] 0.326
Combined with IABP	2.97 [1.33–6.67] 0.018	2.49 [1.19–2.65] 0.025
ECPR	0.83 [0.43–1.63] 0.597
Lactate at ECMO initiation	1.07 [0.98–1.14] 0.052
Peak lactate during ECMO	1.10 [1.03–1.16] 0.002
SOFA score at ECMO initiation	2.09 [1.60–2.23] < 0.001
SOFA score at 24 h post-ECMO	1.67 [1.41–1.98] < 0.001	1.43 [1.08–1.86] 0.010
Cannulation site bleeding
Hemostasis disorders during ECMO	7.21 [2.28–22.77] < 0.001	6.11 [1.88–19.87] < 0.001

CNS central nervous system complications, CRRT continuous renal replacement treatment, DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECPR extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, IABP intra-aortic balloon pump, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment