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Table 2 Mean circulatory filling pressure during different volumetric state

From: Estimating mean circulatory filling pressure in clinical practice: a systematic review comparing three bedside methods in the critically ill

Study

Method

N

Patient population

Baseline position

Baseline Pmcf

Hypervolemia (induced by fluid administration)

p value*

Amount of fluid administered to induce hypervolemia

Hypovolemia (induced by HUT)

p value†

Maas et al. [21]

Pmcf hold

12

Cardiac surgery

Supine

18.7 (4.5)

29.1 (5.2)

0.001

500 mL colloid in 15–20 min

14.5 (3.0)

0.005

Keller et al. [23]

Pmcf hold

9

Cardiac surgery

Semirecumbent

19.7

26.9

< 0.05

500 mL colloid

–

–

     

IQR 17.0–22.6

IQR 18.4–31.0

    

Maas et al. [22]

Pmcf hold

10

Cardiac surgery

Not described

18.7 (4.0)

26.4 (3.2)

< 0.001

500 mL colloid

–

–

Guerin et al. [28]

Pmcf hold

30

Shock

Semirecumbent

Responder: 25 (13)

32 (17)

< 0.01

500 mL saline in 10 min

  
     

Non-responders: 24 (10)

28 (12)

< 0.01

   

Geerts et al. [43]

Pmcf arm

24

Cardiac surgery

Supine

Responders: 16.2 (6.3)

22.0 (7.6)

< 0.001

500 mL colloid

–

–

     

Non-responders: 24.3 (8.2)

29.9 (9.1)

< 0.001

   

Aya et al. [41]

Pmcf arm

20

Cardiac surgery

Supine

22.4 (7.7)

–

–

–

–

–

Aya et al. [42]

Pmcf arm

80

Cardiac surgery

Supine

23.0

–

–

–

–

–

     

Range: 17.3–29.8

     

Parkin et al. [49]

Pmcf analogue

10

CVVH

Not described

Target state = 15.9

–

–

CVVHD

–

–

Cecconi et al. [48]

Pmcf analogue

39

Heterogenous

Not described

Responders: 17.8 (5.1)

20.9 (5.1)

< 0.001

Mean 252 (8.9) mL

–

–

     

Non-responders: 17.9 (5.1)

21.0 (4.9)

< 0.001

52.5% crystalloid

  
        

37.6% colloid

  
        

8.8% FFP & RBC

  

Gupta et al. [20]

Pmcf analogue

61

Cardiac surgery

Supine

Responders: 17 (3.7)

19 (4.3)

0.02

Mean 264 (16) mL

–

–

     

Non-responders: 17 (3.6)

19 (4.1)

0.03

50% saline. Other 50%: mix of FFP, platelets, albumin, packed RBC, return of pump blood

  

Aya et al. [51]

Pmcf analogue

26

Heterogenous

Not described

Responders: 13.7 IQR: 10.9–16.9

  

250 mL crystalloid

  
     

Non-responders: 16.7 IQR: 10.5–18.9

     

Maas et al. [16]

Pmcf hold

11

Cardiac surgery

Supine

19.7 (3.9)

28.3 (3.6)

< 0.001

500 mL colloid

16.2 (3.0)

0.001

 

Pmcf arm

   

18.4 (3.7)

27.1 (4.0)

< 0.001

 

15.4 (3.1)

0.001

 

Pmcf analogue

   

14.7 (2.7)

19.2 (1.1)

< 0.001

 

10.9 (2.0)

< 0.001

Maas et al. [30]

Pmcf arm

15

Cardiac surgery

Supine

21.0 (6.8)

27.7 (7.4)

< 0.001

500 mL colloid (10 steps of 50 mL)

–

–

 

Pmcf hold#

         
  1. Data presented as mean with SD or median with interquartile range (IQR). Pmcf in mmHg. Hypovolemic state induced by head up tilt (HUT) to 30°. Responders = fluid responsiveness was defined by a 10% increase in CO
  2. * p value, difference between baseline and hypervolemia induced by fluid administration
  3. †p value, difference between baseline and hypovolemic state