Respiratory changes of the inferior vena cava diameter predict fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients with cardiac arrhythmias

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 2 Hemodynamic variables before and after volume expansion in responders and nonresponders

	Nonresponders (n = 26)	Responders (n = 29)	p value
VTIao, cm
Before VE	15.9 ± 4.5	13.1 ± 3.5	0.01
After VE	16 ± 4.6	17.2 ± 4.9	0.38
SVI, ml/m ²
Before VE	29 ± 8	25 ± 8	0.041
After VE	29 ± 8	33 ± 11	0.21
Systolic arterial pressure, mmHg
Before VE	109 ± 22	105 ± 24	0.54
After VE	112 ± 19	118 ± 23	0.23
Pulse pressure, mmHg
Before VE	49 ± 13	44 ± 17	0.26
After VE	50 ± 13	53 ± 19	0.55
Heart rate, beats/min
Before VE	107 ± 30	114 ± 24	0.36
After VE	103 ± 26	107 ± 23	0.97
cIVC-st, %
Before VE	19 (7; 33)	74 (53; 88)	< 0.0001
After VE	11 (8; 20)	36 (22; 61)	< 0.0001
iIVC-st, mm
Before VE	19 (13; 21)	4 (2; 8)	< 0.0001
After VE	21 (19; 23)	13 (8; 16)	< 0.0001
eIVC-st, mm
Before VE	22 ± 4	17 ± 5	0.0003
After VE	24 ± 4	20 ± 5	0.001
cIVC-sp, %
Before VE	11 (8; 32)	49 (25; 66)	< 0.0001
After VE	5 (3; 15)	24 (11; 47)	0.0001
iIVC-sp, mm
Before VE	20 (14; 22)	9 (5; 13)	< 0.0001
After VE	22 (19; 25)	16 (11; 18)	< 0.0001
eIVC-sp, mm
Before VE	23 ± 4	17 ± 5	< 0.0001
After VE	24 ± 4	20 ± 5	0.001

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (25th; 75th percentiles). Every single value is the mean of 3 separate measurements
IVC inferior vena cava; cIVC-st collapsibility index of the IVC under standardized breathing; iIVC-st minimum-inspiratory diameter of the IVC under standardized breathing; eIVC-st end-expiratory diameter of the IVC under standardized breathing; cIVC-sp collapsibility index of the IVC under unstandardized spontaneous breathing; iIVC-sp minimum-inspiratory diameter of the IVC under unstandardized spontaneous breathing; eIVC-sp end-expiratory diameter of the IVC under unstandardized spontaneous breathing; SVI stroke volume index; VE volume expansion; VTIao velocity time integral of aortic blood flow