Determinants of left ventricular ejection fraction and a novel method to improve its assessment of myocardial contractility

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 3 Estimated values of different variables on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) according to a linear mixed-effects model analysis

Fixed effects	Estimate	95% confidence interval	p value
Global cardiac function
Ees (mmHg ml⁻¹)	44.89	34.28 to 55.49	< 0.001
Ea (mmHg ml⁻¹)	− 29.47	− 33.26 to − 25.68	< 0.001
LV EDV (ml)	− 0.12	− 0.15 to − 0.08	< 0.001
Heart rate (bpm)	0.17	0.05 to 0.29	0.006
Diastolic function
LV β constant (a.u.)	1340.3	474.9 to 1932.6	< 0.001
τ (ms)	− 1.28	− 1.49 to − 1.07	< 0.001
VAC (Ea/Ees) (a.u.)	− 10.6	− 11.85 to − 9.37	< 0.001
LV mechanical efficiency (%)	0.87	0.85 to 0.90	< 0.001

Estimate reflects the average change in the LVEF per unit increase of each fixed effect
Ees left ventricular end-systolic elastance; Ea effective arterial elastance, LV left ventricle, EDV end-diastolic volume, EDPVR slope of the end-diastolic pressure–volume relationship, β LV chamber stiffness constant obtained from the end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship, τ (tau) time constant of the isovolumetric LV pressure relaxation, VAC ventriculo-arterial coupling