Table 1 Clinical and biological characteristics on admission, according to the type of diabetes
Characteristics at admission | N | Total (n = 122) | Type 1 diabetes (n = 60) | Type 2 or secondary diabetes (n = 28) | Newly diagnosed diabetes (n = 34) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 122 | 43 [24–59] | 27 [20–45] | 61 [52–70] | 42 [27–54] | < 0.001 |
Women | 122 | 61 (50.0) | 31 (51.7) | 13 (46.4) | 17 (50.0) | 0.901 |
BMI | 82 | 23.3 [19.5–27.1] | 21.3 [19.0–25.5] | 23.9 [22.0–30.1] | 24.2 [17.5–31.9] | 0.136 |
Weight (kg) | 95 | 65 [55–77] | 60 [53–71] | 70 [61–80] | 69 [55–88] | 0.048 |
HbA1C (%) | 65 | 11.1 [8.9–12.8] | 10.6 [8.0–12.4] | 10.4 [8.9–12.2] | 12.7 [11.1–14.0] | 0.019 |
Medical background | ||||||
Diabetic microangiopathy | 114 | 15 (13.2) | 7 (13.2) | 8 (28.6) | 0 (0) | 0.002 |
Diabetic macroangiopathy | 114 | 9 (7.9) | 3 (5.6) | 6 (22.2) | 0 (0) | 0.007 |
Chronic renal failure | 117 | 4 (3.4) | 0 (0) | 4 (14.3) | 0 (0) | 0.003 |
Cancer | 117 | 7 (6.0) | 2 (3.6) | 4 (14.3) | 1 (3.0) | 0.137 |
Triggering factor | ||||||
Poor adherence to treatment | 121 | 49 (40.5) | 40 (66.7) | 9 (33.3) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
Infection | 121 | 29 (24) | 12 (20) | 7 (25.9) | 10 (24.0) | 0.569 |
Post-surgery | 121 | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
Other | 121 | 34 (28.1) | 20 (33.3) | 8 (29.6) | 6 (17.6) | 0.261 |
Variables | ||||||
HR (/min) | 119 | 110 [95–126] | 110 [97–126] | 100 [88–120.5] | 110 [99–128] | 0.141 |
SBP (mmHg) | 119 | 127 [110–140] | 124 [107–135] | 133 [110–150] | 130 [119–153] | 0.065 |
DBP (mmHg) | 119 | 71 [60–85] | 69 [59–81] | 74 [57–84] | 78 [69–89] | 0.014 |
RR (/min) | 91 | 23 [19–29] | 24 [20–30] | 26 [19–30] | 22 [18–25] | 0.150 |
Arterial blood gas | ||||||
pH | 120 | 7.16 [7.03–7.24] | 7.13 [6.99–7.24] | 7.19 [7.11–7.26] | 7.13 [7.05–7.24] | 0.192 |
Bicarbonate (mmol/l) | 119 | 6.5 [4.0–10.3] | 6.0 [3.1–8.9] | 7.8 [4.1–11.7] | 6.6 [4.0–10.1] | 0.153 |
PaCO2 (mmHg) | 117 | 19 [13–24] | 18 [13–22] | 20 [15–26] | 16 [12–25] | 0.092 |
PaO2 (mmHg) | 116 | 120 [98–137] | 124 [102–139] | 109 [88–126] | 122 [104–136] | 0.232 |
Oxygen therapy | 117 | 19 (16.2) | 11 (19.0) | 10 (40.0) | 8 (24.2) | 0.126 |
Intubated patient | 115 | 7 (6.1) | 4 (6.9) | 2 (8.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0.775 |
Blood glucose (mmol/l) | 109 | 32 [24–43.4] | 30 [22.3–40] | 40.5 [28–50.9] | 28.8 [21.6–39.8] | 0.261 |
Ketonuria (cross) | 80 | 0.557 | ||||
1, n (%) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.3)a | 1 (4.8)a | ||
2, n (%) | 10 (12.5) | 4 (10) | 3 (15.8) | 3 (14.3) | ||
3, n (%) | 19 (23.75) | 9 (22.5) | 6 (31.6) | 4 (19.1) | ||
4, n (%) | 49 (61.25) | 27 (67.5) | 9 (47.4) | 13 (61.9) | ||
Venous blood test | ||||||
Na+ (mmol/l) | 119 | 133 [128–138] | 133 [131–138] | 129 [125–137] | 134 [128–140] | 0.072 |
K+ (mmol/l) | 120 | 4.9 [4.25–5.75] | 4.9 [4.3–5.8] | 5.1 [4.1–6.1] | 4.7 [4.2–5.6] | 0.677 |
Cl− (mmol/l) | 117 | 96 [89–102] | 96 [90–103] | 91 [83–101] | 97 [91–103] | 0.018 |
Protein (g/l) | 116 | 79 [68.5–85] | 78 [69–85] | 68 [62–80] | 84 [76–87] | < 0.001 |
Urea (mmol/l) | 120 | 8.8 [6.5–17.4] | 8.2 [5.7–13.1] | 17.3 [9.7–21] | 7.4 [5.5–16] | 0.001 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 119 | 1.44 [0.92–1.99] | 1.22 [0.83–1.82] | 1.84 [1.36–2.99] | 1.22 [0.97–1.98] | 0.012 |
Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 119 | 14.7 [12.7–16.0] | 14.2 [12.5–16.4] | 13.9 [11.4–15.2] | 15.6 [14.7–16.5] | 0.005 |
Leukocytes (G/l) | 98 | 16.6 [10.1–23.4] | 17.2 [10.5–26.0] | 16.3 [9.9–23.5] | 15.3 [9.2–19.4] | 0.169 |
Lipasemia (UI/l) | 59 | 51 [14–180] | 38 [9–123] | 34 [12–157] | 115 [41–239] | 0.856 |