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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Patient baseline characteristics between inclusion group and three exclusion groups

From: Targeted temperature management guided by the severity of hyperlactatemia for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a post hoc analysis of a nationwide, multicenter prospective registry

Variables

Inclusion

n = 435

No TTM

n = 2013a

p valuec

TTM withdrawal

n = 161b

p valuec

Unknown lactate concentration

n = 112

p valuec

Age, years

63 [50, 73]

75 [6, 83]

< 0.001

65 [53, 75]

0.126

63 [51, 72]

0.881

Age > 65 years

182 (42)

1405 (70)

< 0.001

78 (48)

0.163

51 (46)

0.521

Male sex

338 (78)

1190 (59)

< 0.001

115 (71)

0.130

85 (76)

0.705

Witness

348 (80)

1312 (65)

< 0.001

122 (76)

0.261

83 (74)

0.195

Dispatcher instruction

198 (46)

852 (42)

0.24

75 (47)

0.853

45 (40)

0.338

Bystander-performed CPR

228 (52)

839 (42)

< 0.001

88 (55)

0.645

50 (45)

0.168

Cardiac etiology

332 (76)

786 (39)

< 0.001

128 (80)

0.443

85 (76)

0.902

Initial shockable rhythm

235 (54.0)

218 (11)

< 0.001

74 (46)

0.096

54 (48)

0.290

Prehospital epinephrine administration

99 (23)

613 (31)

0.001

57 (35)

0.001

29 (26)

0.532

Prehospital advanced airway management

145 (33)

871 (43)

< 0.001

61 (38)

0.332

43 (38)

0.318

Prehospital AED

313 (72)

777 (39)

< 0.001

110 (68)

0.416

73 (65)

0.165

Response time, min

8 [6, 9]

8 [7, 10]

< 0.001

8[7, 10]

< 0.001

8 [6, 10]

0.197

Time from call to hospital arrival, min

30 [24, 36]

32 [27, 40]

< 0.001

32 [27, 40]

0.014

30 [24, 36]

0.942

Prehospital ROSC

252 (58)

563 (28)

< 0.001

36 (22)

< 0.001

28 (25)

< 0.001

Glasgow Coma Scale score

3 [3, 3]

3 [3, 3.]

< 0.001

3 [3, 3]

< 0.001

3 [3, 3]

0.003

Coronary angiography

257 (59)

235 (12)

< 0.001

100 (62)

0.512

75 (67)

0.131

ECMO and/or IABP

123 (28)

157 (8)

< 0.001

76 (47)

< 0.001

54 (48)

< 0.001

Targeted temperature management

  

NA

 

0.198

 

0.005

 32–34 °C

319 (73)

0 (0)

 

124 (79)

 

92 (86)

 

 35–36 °C

116 (27)

0 (0)

 

33 (21)

 

15 (14)

 

30-day favorable neurological outcome

182 (42)

183 (9)

< 0.001

20 (12)

< 0.001

32 (29)

0.012

30-day survival

325 (75)

354 (18)

< 0.001

36 (22)

< 0.001

67 (60)

0.003

  1. Continuous variables were presented as median [Interquartile range]. Categorical variables were presented as n (%)
  2. TTM targeted temperature management, CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, AED automated external defibrillator, ROSC return of spontaneous circulation, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, IABP intra-aortic balloon pumping, ABG arterial blood gas
  3. aThere were 1160 patients excluded due to death at the emergency department and 89 patients excluded because they got Glasgow Coma Scale motor score of 6 after return of spontaneous circulation
  4. bThere was one patient excluded due to death at the emergency department
  5. cVs. inclusion group
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