Table 1 Characteristics and main outcomes of the study’s population according to the presence of diaphragm dysfunction and intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) at time of liberation from mechanical ventilation

Men, n (%)

20 (63)

12 (75)

15 (83)

5 (50)

0.23

Age, years

63 (47–74)

65 (54–72)

47 (33–64)

60 (51–68)

0.05

SAPS II upon admission

44 (24–64)

43 (28–67)

32 (15–42)

37 (26–63)

0.18

SOFA upon admission

4 (3–7)

5 (5–7)

5 (4–5)

6 (4–10)

0.47

Duration of MV at inclusion, days

4 (1–6)

6 (4–10)^a

2 (1–5)

5 (3–6)

<0.01

Main reason for admission, n (%)

 Acute respiratory failure

17 (53)

8 (50)

3 (17)

3 (30)

0.06

 Coma

2 (6)

4 (25)

13 (72)

3 (30)

<0.01

 Shock

13 (41)

4 (25)

2 (11)

4 (40)

0.14

Comorbidities, n (%)

 Chronic respiratory disease

8 (25)

2 (13)

2 (11)

0 (0)

0.23

 Chronic cardiac disease

7 (22)

3 (19)

2 (11)

0 (0)

0.36

 Diabetes

5 (16)

4 (25)

4 (22)

1 (10)

0.74

 Immunocompromised

6 (19)

6 (38)

3 (16)

3 (30)

0.42

 Current smoking

18 (56)

7 (44)

7 (39)

5 (50)

0.66

Limbs muscles strength

 Medical Research Council score

54 (51–57)

36 (30–44)

59 (52–60)

40 (33–44)

–

Diaphragm function

 Ptr,stim, cmH₂O

7 (6–8)

6 (3–8)

14 (13–20)

12 (11–17)

–

Main outcomes

 Total duration of MV, days

6 (3–12)

10 (5–22)^a

2 [1–5]

7 (5–20)^a

< 0.01

 Duration of ICU stay, days

9 (3–16)

17 (7–27)^a

4 [3–10]

13 (8–27)

< 0.01

 Duration of hospital stay, days

21 (15–31)

25 (15–49)^a

9 [5–23]

27 (13–32)

0.03

 ICU survival, n (%)

27/32 (84)

10/16 (69)

18/18 (100)

8/10 (80)

0.33

 Hospital survival, n (%)

26/32 (81)

9/16 (63)

18/18 (100)

8/10 (80)

0.02

 Two-year survival, n (%)

24/31 (77)

5/14 (36)

11/14 (79)

6/10 (60)

0.03