Table 3 Variables used to support the additional fluid challenges in patients with persistent or recurrent hypoperfusion after the initial fluid load of 30 mL/kg
All (n = 413) | Survivors (n = 216) | Nonsurvivors (n = 197) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean arterial pressure | 127/413 (31) | 68/216 (31) | 59/197 (30) | 0.736 |
Heart rate | 222/413 (54) | 120/216 (56) | 102/197 (52) | 0.442 |
Central venous pressure | 100/413 (24) | 47/216 (22) | 53/197 (27) | 0.223 |
Lactate | 274/413 (66) | 142/216 (66) | 132/197 (67) | 0.786 |
Central venous O2 saturation | 164/413 (39) | 90/216 (42) | 74/197 (38) | 0.395 |
Central venous–arterial PCO2 difference | 156/413 (38) | 77/216 (36) | 79/197 (40) | 0.351 |
Urine output | 257/413 (62) | 137/216 (63) | 120/197 (61) | 0.599 |
Capillary-refill time | 117/413 (28) | 63/216 (29) | 54/197 (27) | 0.693 |
Presence of mottling | 108/413 (26) | 52/216 (24) | 56/197 (28) | 0.315 |
Cardiac output measurement | 53/413 (13) | 24/216 (11) | 29/197 (15) | 0.273 |
Pulmonary wedge pressure | 11/413 (3) | 3/216 (1) | 8/197 (4) | 0.08 |
Dynamic tests of fluid responsiveness | 122/413 (30) | 73/216 (34) | 49/197 (25) | 0.047 |
Pulse pressure variation | 85/413 (21) | 50/216 (23) | 35/197 (18) | 0.17 |
Systolic volume variation | 33/413 (8) | 19/216 (9) | 14/197 (8) | 0.527 |
Pulse oximetry waveform variation | 25/413 (6) | 18/216 (8) | 7/197 (14) | 0.04 |
Inferior vena cava diameter variation | 52/413 (13) | 31/216 (14) | 2321/197 (11) | 0.259 |
Passive leg raising | 38/413 (9) | 19/216 (9) | 19/197 (10) | 0.766 |
Other | 31/413 (8) | 20/216 (9) | 11/197 (6) | 0.157 |