Fig. 2From: Intravenous fluid therapy in the perioperative and critical care setting: Executive summary of the International Fluid Academy (IFA)(Adapted from Vincent and Weil [97])The TROL mnemonic of fluid challenge: considerations for administration of a fluid bolus in critically ill patients. CO cardiac output; CVP central venous pressure; EVLWI extra vascular lung water index; PVPI pulmonary vascular permeability indexBack to article page