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Table 2 Clinical parameters before venipuncture

From: Comparison of the proximal and distal approaches for axillary vein catheterization under ultrasound guidance (PANDA) in cardiac surgery patients susceptible to bleeding: a randomized controlled trial

At randomization

Proximal group (n = 99)

Distal group (n = 99)

P value

Heart rate (bpm)

90 (84, 100)

91 (84, 102)

0.80

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

75 (72, 79)

76 (72, 83)

0.47

Respiratory rate (cycle/min)

15 (15,1 5)

15 (15, 15)

0.63

CVP (mm Hg)

12 (10, 14)

12 (10, 14)

0.75

Need for mechanical ventilation (MV), n (%)

89 (90.0)

87 (87.9)

0.82

Side of catheterization (right), n (%)

83 (83.8)

79 (79.8)

0.58

Days after surgery, days

6 (4, 8)

6 (5, 8)

0.60

Tidal volume (mL/kg of PBW)

7.57 ± 1.32

7.73 ± 1.15

0.36

PEEP (cm H2O)

5 (5, 5)

5 (5, 5)

0.34

Vasopressor administration, n (%)

73 (73.7)

66 (66.7)

0.35

Inotropic administration, n (%)

66 (66.7)

63 (63.6)

0.77

Axillary vein depth (cm)

1.96 ± 0.51

2.45 ± 0.57

< 0.001

Axillary vein diameter (cm)

0.92 (0.77, 1.10)

0.75 (0.65, 0.87)

< 0.001

PT (s)

19.2 (14.5, 23.7)

19.4 (15.2, 26.6)

0.42

INR

1.73 (1.38, 2.12)

1.74 (1.39, 2.46)

0.37

Platelets (× 109/L)

118 (86, 175)

128 (82, 184)

0.97

  1. Continuous data are presented as the mean (SD) or median (IQR). Categorical data are presented as counts (%)
  2. PBW predicted body weight, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, CVP central venous pressure, PT prothrombin time, INR international normalized ratio