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Table 3 Associated factors with AKI within 28 days after intubation

From: Characteristics and outcomes of acute respiratory distress syndrome related to COVID-19 in Belgian and French intensive care units according to antiviral strategies: the COVADIS multicentre observational study

N = 414

AKI −

AKI + 

P valuea

N = 183

N = 231

Age, mean ± SD

61 ± 11

65 ± 10

 < 0.001

Gender, men, n (%)

133 (73)

187 (81)

0.05

BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD

28.9 ± 5

30.4 ± 5

0.006

Hypertension, n (%)

83 (45)

151 (65)

 < 0.001

Uncomplicated diabetes mellitus, n (%)

34 (19)

46 (20)

0.73

Complicated diabetes mellitus, n (%)

7 (4)

27 (12)

0.004

Chronic kidney disease, n (%)

5 (3)

28 (12)

 < 0.001

Peripheral artery disease, n (%)

4 (2)

21 (9)

0.003

History of myocardial infarction, n (%)

10 (6)

27 (12)

0.04

Charlson Comorbidity Index, median [IQR]

0 (0–1)

1 (0–2)

 < 0.001

 = 0

92 (50)

79 (34)

 < 0.001

 = 1

53 (29)

54 (23)

 ≥ 2

38 (21)

98 (42)

PEEP (cmH2O), mean ± SD

11.3 ± 3

11.6 ± 3

0.32

Plateau pressure (cmH2O), mean ± SD

23.5 ± 4

23.7 ± 4

0.60

N = 159/207

P/F, mean ± SD

130 ± 54

124 ± 47

0.29

NO, n (%)

21 (12)

30 (13)

0.64

Hydroxychloroquine, n (%)

124 (68)

137 (59)

0.08

Lopinavir/ritonavir, n (%)

30 (16)

59 (26)

0.03

Remdesivir, n (%)

9 (5)

12 (5)

0.90

Corticosteroidsb, n (%)

35 (21)

50 (23)

0.61

N = 221/171

Macrolides

118 (65)

141 (61)

0.47

Co-infection

19 (10)

30 (13)

0.42

Day 14 ventilatory mode

 < 0.001

 Death

21 (12)

73 (32)

 Controlled or VV-ECMO

64 (35)

77 (33)

 Pressure support

40 (22)

47 (20)

 Extubated

58 (32)

34 (15)

Peak creatinine until day 28, median [IQR]

80 [64–95]

253 [147–436]

 < 0.001

n = 181/205

Cardiac injury, n (%)

10 (6)

45 (20)

 < 0.001

Alive at D28, n (%)

145 (79)

129 (56)

 < 0.001

Day 28 VFD, median [IQR]

8 (0–16)

0 (0–2)

 < 0.001

ICU survival, n (%)

136 (75)

104 (46)

 < 0.001

N = 181/225

  1. a P value was calculated by Fisher exact test, t test or Mann–Whitney test as appropriate
  2. b Some patients were included in a RCT steroids vs placebo
  3. AKI acute kidney injury was defined as at least a rise of at least 1.5 times in serum creatinine, BMI body mass index, SD standard deviation, P/F: PaO2/FiO2 ratio, NO inhaled nitric oxide, VV-ECMO veno-venous extracorporeal mobile assistance, VFD ventilator-free days