Table 1 Baseline characteristics of intention-to-treat patients
From: Pilot trial of high-dose vitamin C in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Variable | All patients (n = 56) | Vitamin C (n = 27) | Placebo (n = 29) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
 Age, years | 66.7 ± 12.7 | 66.3 ± 11.2 | 67.0 ± 14.3 | 0.86 |
 Gender, male, n, % | 36(66.1) | 15(55.6) | 22(75.9) | 0.09 |
 Height, cm | 168.8 ± 6.6 | 167.0 ± 6.9 | 170.8 ± 5.8 | 0.08 |
 Weight, kg | 62.0 ± 10.5 | 59.7 ± 11.2 | 64.4 ± 9.4 | 0.16 |
Centers | ||||
 Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, n, % | 11(19.6) | 5(18.5) | 6(20.6) | - |
 Leishenshan (Thunder God Mountain) Hospital, n, % | 39(69.6) | 19(70.4) | 20(69.0) | - |
 Taihe Hospital, n, % | 6(10.7) | 3(11.1) | 3(10.3) | - |
General condition on randomization day | ||||
 Highest temperature,℃ | 37.4 ± 1.0 | 37.3 ± 0.8 | 37.4 ± 1.1 | 0.65 |
 Highest heart rate, times/min | 92.4 ± 18.5 | 95.3 ± 19.2 | 89.8 ± 17.8 | 0.27 |
 Lowest MAP, mmHg | 91.0 ± 17.9 | 88.4 ± 16.6 | 93.4 ± 18.9 | 0.49 |
 Highest RR, times/min | 25[20–36] | 25[21–31] | 24[20–30] | 0.19 |
 Lowest SPO2, % | 93[88–98] | 93[81–98] | 93[90–97] | 0.93 |
 APACHE II score | 13.5[10.3–15.8] | 14.0[11.0–16.0] | 13.0[9.5–15.0] | 0.24 |
 GCS score | 15.0[14.5–15.0] | 15.0[13.0–15.0] | 15.0[15.0–15.0] | 0.75 |
Comorbidities, n, % | ||||
 Diabetes | 17(30.4) | 8(29.6) | 9(32.1) | 0.57 |
 Hypertension | 25(44.6) | 10(37.0) | 15(51.7) | 0.20 |
 Coronary heart disease | 12(21.4) | 4(14.80) | 8(27.6) | 0.33 |
 Chronic lung disease | 3(5.4) | 1(3.7) | 2(6.9) | 1.00 |
 Chronic renal failure | 1(1.8) | 1(3.7) | 0(0.0) | 0.48 |
 Malignant tumor | 3(5.4) | 3(11.1) | 0(0.0) | 0.11 |
 Nervous system diseases | 11(20.4) | 7(25.9) | 4(13.8) | 0.32 |
Median duration of symptoms before HDIVC therapy, days | 17.0[11.0–25.0] | 22.0[11.0–33.0] | 15.0[11.0–22.0] | 0.18 |
Other treatments during 7Â days HDIVC therapy | ||||
 Corticosteroid use, n, % | 18(32.1) | 8(36.4) | 10(38.5) | 1.00 |
 Antibiotic, n, % | 51(91.1) | 24(92.3) | 27 (96.4) | 1.00 |
Net fluid balance, mL/24Â h | ||||
 Day 1 | 190[-1487–662] | 252[-252–810] | 155[-520–499] | 0.39 |
 Day 2 | 156[-349 -653] | 192[-508–883] | 121[-90 -577] | 0.94 |
 Day 3 | 62[-703–768] | -240[-1004 -233] | 463[5–1351] | 0.02 |