Table 4 Patients’ characteristics and severity criteria at ICU admission, according to outcome
Patients characteristics | Good outcome | Poor outcome | OR | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 136 | 53 | |||
Gender, male | 85 (62) | 34 (64) | 0.96 | [0.48; 1.92] | 0.91 |
Age, median [IQR] | 45 [31; 57] | 48 [31; 54] | 1.01 | [0.98; 1.02] | 0.83 |
Clinical history of prior malaria | 39 (29) | 5 (9) | 0.32 | [0.11; 0.88] | 0.03 |
Positive malaria serology | 68 (64) | 21 (66) | 1.02 | [0.44; 2.38] | 0.96 |
Ethnic group | |||||
Caucasian | 27 (20) | 24 (45) | 1 | 0.03 | |
African | 109 (80) | 29 (54) | 0.3 | [0.15; 0.6] | < .01 |
African living in France | 97 (71) | 24 (45) | 0.37 | [0.17; 0.76] | < .01 |
African living in Africa | 12 (9) | 5 (9) | 0.56 | [0.16; 1.92] | 0.36 |
Cause of travel | |||||
Visiting friends and relatives/living in endemic areas | 106 (78) | 30 (57) | 0.42 | [0.2; 0.85] | 0.02 |
Europeans travelling for tourism or work | 30 (22) | 23 (43) | 1 | ||
Complete chemoprophylaxis | 11 (8) | 1 (2) | 0.2 | [0.02; 1.67] | 0.14 |
Time from symptoms onset to ICU admission, median in days [IQR] | 5 [4, 8] | 7 [4, 9] | 1.04 | [1.01; 1.19] | 0.02 |
Treatment started before ICU admission | 67 (49) | 31 (58) | 1.49 | [0.76; 2.94] | 0.24 |
Treatment administered | |||||
Artesunate | 81 (60) | 15 (28) | 0.72 | [0.25; 2.1] | 0.55 |
Intravenous quinine | 55 (40) | 38 (72) | 1 | ||
SAPS II, median [IQR] | 21 [16, 30] | 41 [31; 56] | 1.14 | [1.09; 1.19] | < .01 |
SOFA, median [IQR] | 5 [3, 6] | 8 [7, 12] | 1.92 | [1.55; 2.37] | < .01 |
Parasitemia median in % [IQR] | 5.1 [1.6; 8.0] | 5.9 [1.5; 13.6] | 1.03 | [0.99; 1.07] | 0.16 |
Severity criteria | Good outcome | Poor outcome | OR | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neurological failure | 38 (28) | 30 (57) | 3.98 | [1.94; 8.15] | < .01 |
Respiratory failure | 2 (1) | 9 (17) | 23.61 | [4.38; 127] | < .01 |
Cardio-circulatory failure | 17 (12) | 19 (36) | 10.62 | [3.67; 30.68] | < .01 |
Bilirubin > 50 µmol/L | 49 (36) | 24 (45) | 1.32 | [0.67; 2.6] | 0.42 |
Serum creatinine > 265 µmol/L | 16 (12) | 29 (55) | 8.86 | [3.98; 19.71] | < .01 |
Severe anemia: hemoglobin < 7 g/dL | 15 (11) | 7 (13) | 0.95 | [0.35; 2.59] | 0.92 |
Acidosis: pH < 7.35 | 5 (4) | 16 (30) | 11.53 | [3.71; 35.83] | < .01 |
Hyperlactatemia > 2 mmol/L | 46 (34) | 31 (59) | 2.86 | [1.44; 5.69] | < .01 |
Hyperparasitemia > 4% | 78 (57) | 34 (64) | 1.33 | [0.67; 2.64] | 0.42 |
Number of severity criteria, median [IQR] | 2 [1, 3] | 4 [2, 5] | 2.16 | [1.66; 2.81] | < .01 |