Table 4 Microorganisms responsible for the first episode of VAP according to dexamethasone treatment
Pathogens responsible for 1st VAP | Overall (n = 127) | DEXA+ (n = 74) | DEXA− (n = 53) |
|---|---|---|---|
Gram-negative pathogens, n (%) | 84 (66) | 53 (72) | 31 (58) |
 Enterobacteriaceae | 54 (64) | 38 (72) | 16 (52) |
  Klebsiella aerogenes | 12 (22) | 8 (21) | 4 (25) |
  Klebsiella pneumoniae | 11 (20) | 9 (24) | 2 (12) |
  Klebsiella variicola | 2 (4) | 1 (3) | 1 (6) |
  Klebsiella oxytoca | 2 (4) | 2 (5) | 0 |
  Morganella morganii | 5 (9) | 3 (8) | 2 (12) |
  Hafnia alvei | 4 (7) | 3 (8) | 1 (6) |
  Enterobacter cloacae | 7 (13) | 6 (16) | 1 (6) |
  Proteus spp. | 3 (6) | 2 (5) | 1 (6) |
  Serratia marcescens | 3 (6) | 1 (3) | 3 (19) |
  Citrobacter | 2 (4) | 2 (5) | 0 |
  Escherichia coli | 3 (6) | 1 (3) | 2 (12) |
 Non-fermenting GNB, n (%) | 27 (32) | 12 (23) | 15 (48) |
  Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 22 (81) | 8 (67) | 14 (78) |
  Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 3 (11) | 2 (17) | 1 (7) |
  Acinetobacter spp. | 2 (7) | 2 (17) | 0 |
 Haemophilus influenzae | 3 (4) | 3 (6) | 0 |
Gram-positive pathogens, n (%) | 43 (34) | 21 (28) | 22 (42) |
 Staphylococcus aureus | 28 (65) | 15 (71) | 13 (59) |
  Methicillin susceptible | 25 (58) | 12 (57) | 13 (59) |
  Methicillin resistant | 3 (7) | 3 (14) | 0 |
 Enterococcus spp. | 8 (19) | 3 (14) | 5 (23) |
 Corynebacterium | 2 (5) | 1 (5) | 1 (5) |