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Annals of Intensive Care
Fig. 4 | Annals of Intensive Care

Fig. 4

From: Three broad classifications of acute respiratory failure etiologies based on regional ventilation and perfusion by electrical impedance tomography: a hypothesis-generating study

Fig. 4

Phenotype of ventilation/perfusion and individual images by EIT for the three broad ARF etiologies. The control group was postoperative ICU patients without acute respiratory failure; PED group: patients with pulmonary embolism-related disease; DLD group: patients with diffuse lung involvement disease; FLD group: patients with focal lung involvement disease. A Patient from the PED group (CTPA: demonstrated large embolism in both left and right main pulmonary arteries. Ventilation image: upper right (UR) 25%, upper left (UL) 11%, lower right (LR) 36%, lower left (LL) 28% (% denoted the ventilation distribution), DefectV score was 1. Low ventilated regions are marked in dark blue and high ventilated regions in light blue to white. Perfusion image: upper right (UR) 11%, upper left (UL) 17%, lower right (LR) 30%, lower left (LL) 43%, DefectQ score was 1. Regions with high perfusion are marked in red and low perfusion in green. V/Q match image: percentage of Shunt% area in red was 10% of the lung regions, DeadSpace% area in grey 46%, and VQMatch% region in yellow 43%. (partially adapted from our recent case report [47]). B A patient with ground glass opacity from the DLD group (CT: diffuse opacities in both lungs. Ventilation image: UR 2%, UL 19%, LR 35%, LL 23%, DefectV score was 0. Perfusion image: UR 16%, UL 18%, LR 38%, LL 27%, DefectQ score was 0. V/Q match image: Shunt% 6%, DeadSpace% 15%, and VQMatch% 78% (partially adapted from our previous study with permission of the American Thoracic Society. Copyright © 2020 American Thoracic Society [16]. All rights reserved). C A patient with acute left lung atelectasis from the FLD group (ventilation image: UR 31%, UL 1%, LR 63%, LL 5%, ventilation-defect score was 4. Perfusion image: UR 20%, UL 31%, LR32%, LL 18%, DefectQ score was 0. V/Q match image: Shunt% 55%, DeadSpace% 3%, and VQMatch% 42%). D A patient from the control group. Percentage of intrapulmonary shunt area in red was 17%, dead-space fraction area in grey 5%, and VQMatch% region in yellow 78%. DefectV and DefectQ scores were 0

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