Prospective international validation of the predisposition, infection, response and organ dysfunction (PIRO) clinical staging system among intensive care and general ward patients

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Scores attributed to the selected variables included in each of the four components of PIRO [6]

P score	Points	I score	Points	R score	Points	O score	Points
Age, years		Type of infection		Altered temperature		Hypotension	3
≤ 60	0	CAI	0	No	0	SOFA > 0	1
61–80	1	HCAI	1	Fever	− 1
> 80	3	HAI	2	Hypothermia	1
Male	1			Hyperglycemia	1
Previous ATB	1			Tachypnea	1
Chronic hepatic disease	4			Severity of infection
Chronic hematologic disease	3			Infection or sepsis	0
Cancer	3			Severe sepsis	1
Atherosclerosis	1			Septic shock	4
Karnovsky index < 70	2
Total possible points	18		2		7		4
P1 (0–2 point)		I1 (0–1 point)		R1 (-1–3 points)		O1 (0 points)
P2 (3–4 points)		I2 (2 points)		R2 (≥ 4 points)		O2 (≥ 1points)
P3 (≥ 5 points)

P-score predisposition score, I score insult/infection score, R score host response score, O score organ dysfunction score, ATB antibiotic therapy, CAI community-acquired infection, HCAI healthcare-associated infection, HAI hospital-acquired infection, SOFA sepsis-related organ failure assessment