Table 1 Characteristics of the global cohort and patients having 2 measurements of mHLA-DR
Parameters, n (%) or median [IQR] | All patients (n = 1053) | Patients with two mHLA-DR measurement (n = 592) |
|---|---|---|
Age | 59.3 [44.8; 71.8] | 59.8 [46.5; 71.4] |
Sex (female) | 444 (42.2) | 236 (39.9) |
Comorbid condition | ||
Hypertension | 399 (37.9) | 197 (39.6) |
Cardiac insufficiency | 233 (22.1) | 100 (20.1) |
Immunosuppression | 229 (21.7) | 94 (18.9) |
Diabetes | 155 (14.7) | 81 (16.3) |
Respiratory failure | 98 (9.3) | 46 (9.3) |
Chronic kidney disease | 91 (8.6) | 39 (7.8) |
Cirrhosis | 47 (4.5) | 17 (3.4) |
Diagnostic on admission | ||
Sepsis | 255 (24.2) | 170 (28.7) |
Septic shock (classic definition) | 77 (7.3) | 72 (42.4) |
Origin of the infection | ||
Cutaneous | 83 (32.5) | 61 (35.9) |
Respiratory | 65 (25.5) | 46 (27.1) |
Abdominal | 61 (23.9) | 36 (21.2) |
Neurologic | 15 (5.9 | 11 (6.5) |
Urinary | 18 (7.1) | 9 (5.3) |
Others | 13 (5.1) | 7 (4.1) |
Neurologic admission | 384 (36.5) | 248 (41.9) |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage | 103 (26.8) | 75 (30.2) |
Brain Traumatism | 68 (17.7) | 49 (19.8) |
Intra cranial hemorrhage | 68 (17.7) | 42 (16.9) |
Neurological surgery | 63 (16.4) | 32 (12.9) |
Ischemic stroke | 50 (13) | 27 (10.9) |
Subdural hematoma | 18 (4.7) | 10 (4) |
Others | 17 (4.4) | 13 (5.2) |
Post-surgical care | 80 (7.6) | 41 (6.9) |
Abdominal | 59 (73.8) | 33 (80.5) |
ORL | 8 (10) | 5 (12.2) |
Orthopedics | 8 (10) | 2 (4.9) |
Others | 5 (6.3) | 1 (2.4) |
Miscellaneous | 334 (31.7) | 133 (22.5) |
Hemorrhagic shock | 67 (20.1) | 30 (22.6) |
Respiratory failure from a medical origin | 79 (23.7) | 27 (20.3) |
Polytrauma | 37 (11.1) | 25 (18.8) |
Medical abdominal disease | 31 (9.3) | 13 (9.8) |
Obstetrical | 24 (7.2) | 6 (4.5) |
Cardiac arrest | 13 (3.9) | 5 (3.8) |
Others | 83 (24.9) | 27 (20.3) |
Severity on admission | ||
Day 1 SAPS II (miss = 6) | 37 [25; 50] | 39 [28; 51] |
Day 1 SOFA (neuro excluded) (miss = 6) | 4 [2; 7] | 5 [2; 8] |
HLA-DR Cell count measurements | ||
Delay from admission to mHLA-DR measurement, days (1st/2nd) | 2 [1; 3] | 2 [1; 3]/5 [4; 7] |
Log mHLA-DR (1st/2nd) | 9.2 [8.7; 9.7] | 9.1 [8.7; 9.6]/9.2 [8.7; 9.6] |
Low mHLA-DR, < 000 AB/C (1st/2nd) | 403 (38.3) | 253 (42.7)/221 (37.3) |
Leucocytes, 109/L (1st/2nd) | 10.8 [8.5; 14.4] | 11.1 [8.9; 15.1]/11 [8.6; 4.5] |
Neutrophils, 109/L (1st/2nd) | 8.5 [6.4; 11.8] | 9 [6.6; 12.5]/8.6 [6.2; 11.7] |
Lymphocytes, 109/L (1st/2nd) | 1.3 [0.9; 1.7] | 1.2 [0.8; 1.7]/1.3 [1; 1.8] |
Monocytes, 109/L (1st/2nd) | 0.7 [0.5; 1] | 0.8 [0.5; 1.1]/0.8 [0.6; 1.1] |
Outcomes | ||
Delay before 1st ICU-acquired infection (days) | 7 [5; 10.5] | 7 [5; 11] |
Number of ICU-acquired infections | 245 (23.3) | 223 (37.7) |
Source of ICU-acquired infection | ||
Respiratory | 138 (13.1) | 126 (21.3) |
Abdominal | 44 (4.2) | 40 (6.8) |
Bacteremia, catheter-related | 40 (3.8) | 35 (5.9) |
Others | 23 (2.2) | 22 (3.7) |
ICU length of stay | 7 [4; 14] | 13 [8; 22] |
Delay before death | 6 [3; 14] | 13 [8; 25] |
ICU death | 151 (14.3) | 79 (13.3) |
Early death, (< day 7, n = 1040) | 82 (7.9) | – |
Late ICU death (among patients alive at day 7, n = 499) | 60 (12) | |