Isoflurane vs. propofol for sedation in invasively ventilated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: an a priori hypothesis substudy of a randomized controlled trial

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 2 Results (whole study population)

Variable (unit)	Timepoint	Isoflurane			Propofol			p
		n	Mean (± SD)	SM / LSM change from BL	n	Mean (± SD)	SM / LSM change from BL	(isoflurane vs. propofol)
PaO₂/FiO₂ (mmHg)	BL	72	199 (± 58)		90	202 (± 62)
	EOT	70	219 (± 76)	0.24/19	89	236 (± 77)	0.46/358	0.185
	D7	41	210 (± 79)	0.03/3	44	185 (± 87)	− 0.15/− 13	0.411
FiO₂	BL	72	50 (± 14)		90	51 (± 16)
FiO₂	EOT	70	46 (± 13)	− 0.28/− 3.4	89	45 (± 12)	− 0.50/− 6.8	0.145
PaCO₂	BL	71	45.1 (± 9.9)		90	44.6 (± 11.9)
PaCO₂	EOT	70	47.5(± 10.0)	0.26/2.7	87	45.6 (± 8.6)	0.08/0.9	0.264
pH	BL	71	7.4 (± 0.09)		90	7.4 (± 0.09)
pH	EOT	44	7.4 (± 0.08)	0.04/0.00	50	7.4 (± 0.08)	0.17/0.02	0.458
V_T (ml/kg)	BL	72	6.6 (± 2.3)		88	6.6 (± 2.0)
V_T (ml/kg)	EOT	56	6,4 (± 2,3)	0.15/0.3	61	6,6 (± 2.1)	0.16/0.3	0.972
Time to extubation	EOT-extubation	42	38 patients extubated		55	51 patients extubated		0.456
30-day mortality	BL-30 days	61	19 patients died		80	19 patients died		0.274
ventilator-free days alive	BL-30 days	59	15.8 (± 11.9)		75	15.9 (± 12.0)		0.931
Ventilator mode	BL	72	Fully controlled: 55.6% Partially assisted: 20.8% Fully assisted: 23.6%		90	Fully controlled: 60% Partially assisted: 25.6% Fully assisted: 14.4%
Ventilator mode	EOT	70	Fully controlled: 38.6% Partially assisted: 21.4% Fully assisted: 40%		89	Fully controlled: 46.1% Partially assisted: 22.5% Fully assisted: 31.5%

Change in PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio between baseline (BL) and end of study sedation (EOT, usually after 48 h)
LSM least squares mean, SD standard deviation, PaO₂ arterial partial pressure of oxygen, FiO₂ inspired fraction of oxygen, PaCO₂ arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide. D7 day seven after randomization. SM standardized means mean divided by total pooled standard deviation. V_T tidal volume