Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Age, year

67 [52, 74.5]

67 [51, 75]

68 [59, 73.5]

Men, n (%)

90 (67.7)

71 (67.6)

19 (67.9)

BMI, kg/m²

23.8 [20.3, 26.9]

24.8 [21.1, 27.2]

21.0 [19.1, 25.7]

Source of ICU admission, n (%)

 Emergency department

43 (32.3)

31 (29.5)

12 (42.9)

 Transfer from other hospitals

19 (14.3)

17 (16.2)

2 (7.1)

 Post-surgery

29 (21.8)

26 (24.8)

3 (10.7)

 General ward

42 (31.6)

31 (29.5)

11 (39.3)

Comorbidity, n (%)

 Diabetes

41 (30.8)

33 (31.4)

8 (28.6)

 Hypertension

47 (35.3)

39 (37.1)

8 (28.6)

 Baseline SCr, mg/dl

0.83 [0.74, 1.09]

0.85 [0.75, 1.29]

0.79 [0.72, 0.87]

 SCr at CVVHDF initiation, mg/dl

2.87 [1.66, 3.95]

3.00 [1.66, 4.16]

2.33 [1.66, 3.42]

 SOFA score at ICU admission

10 [7, 13]

9 [6, 12]*

13 [10, 15]*

Patient status at CVVHDF initiation

 SOFA score

11 [8.5, 14]

11 [8, 14]*

14 [12, 17]*

 Use of ventilator, n (%)

94 (70.7)

67 (63.8)*

27 (96.4)*

 Use of vasopressor(s), n (%)

95 (71.4)

68 (64.8)*

27 (96.4)*

 Use of diuretic(s), n (%)

42 (31.6)

39 (37.1)*

3 (10.7)*

Possible AKI cause, n (%):

 Sepsis

78 (58.6)

56 (53.3)*

22 (78.6)*

 Dehydration or bleeding

43 (32.3)

32 (30.5)

11 (39.3)

 Heart failure

35 (26.3)

30 (28.6)

5 (17.9)

 Surgery

27 (20.3)

26 (24.8)*

1 (3.6)*

 Drug

10 (7.5)

7 (6.7)

3 (10.7)

 Effluent flow rate of CVVHDF /BW, ml/h/kg

22.9 [17.1, 30.7]

22.3 [16.9, 28.7]

26.8 [17.2, 40.8]

 Cumulative fluid balance since ICU admission, ml

856 [54.6,3349] (range: − 5513, 21275)

639 [20.5, 3349]*

2229 [658, 4379]*

 Duration of CVVHDF, hour

68 [39.5, 213]

74 [42, 206]

56 [27, 214]